Casearia graveolens Dalzell

This species has not been reported from West Pakistan but is found in the adjoining foot hill areas in India extending to the Eastern Himalayas and Burma. It has also been reported from South India.

Plants up to 6 m tall. Leaves broadly oval, glabrous; apex obtuse or acute. Calyx pubescent. Fruit ellipsoid, 2 cm long, glabrous. Seeds numerous, embedded in pulp.

Trees, 10-15 m tall; terminal buds, twig tips, and branchlets glabrous. Stipules narrowly lanceolate, 5-10 mm, papery, glabrous, early caducous, on young growth leaving a large conspicuous pale brown scar; petiole 1-1.2 cm, glabrous; leaf blade broadly elliptic to elliptic-oblong, 6-15 × 4-8 cm, papery, abaxially glabrous or glabrescent, adaxially glabrous, densely set with irregularly shaped, reddish brown pellucid dots and streaks, in dried material these clearly visible at × 10 mag. without holding leaf up to light, lateral veins 10-14 pairs, arching upward, base rounded or broadly obtuse, margin shallowly serrate, crenate, very rarely repand, apex variable, broadly acute, obtuse or rounded, often contacting gradually or abruptly to a short acumen to ca. 1 cm. Flowers in few- to many flowered axillary glomerules, greenish, fetid. Pedicels 3-6 mm, articulate near base, pubescent with short semispreading hairs, more densely so below articulation; bracts ovate, ca. 2 mm, outermost bracts densely appressed hairy, striate. Sepals 5, ovate to ovate-oblong, ca. 4 mm, outside pubescent, more densely so toward base, or glabrescent, hairs semispreading and short, inside sparsely hairy, margin practically glabrous, not ciliate. Stamens 8; filaments sparsely pubescent, ca. 1.5 mm; anthers oblong, ca. 0.5 mm, connective glabrous. Disk lobes oblong, ca. 1/2 as long as stamen filaments, pubescent throughout, hairs white when dry, long. Ovary ovoid, ca. 1.5 mm, pubescent in upper half, hairs spreading; style short, hairy in lower part, stigma capitate. Capsule orange-yellow when ripe, dark reddish or blackish brown and strongly longitudinally ribbed when dried, ellipsoid-oblong, ca. 2 cm, fleshy, pericarp densely and shallowly warty, veined, cross-section and inner surface without shiny black vesicles, valves narrowly naviculate in dried state. Seeds several, when dry pale yellowish brown, ovoid, ca. 4 mm, surface smooth, enclosed in a thin, fleshy, partly fimbriate pale yellowish brown aril. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Sep-Nov.

Himalaya (Garhwal to Sikkim), India, Burma.

Yunnan [Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand, Vietnam].

300-2000 m

Forests; 500-1800 m.

Casearia graveolens var. lintsangensis S. Y. Bao.