Tetragona Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville 1828

Tetragona species, Biting Stingless Bee, specimen collected by German Perilla in Peru Stingless bees are just that, they cannot sting, their sting mechanism was reduced to non-functionality many tens of millions of years ago. Tropical… this large group of social, stingless species and genera, of which the Biting Stingless Bees are only one,, exist around the equator and inhabit all the tropical countries of the world, with the exception of some of the oceanic islands. Associated, but not restricted to, forests they often dominate the local bee community. Similar to Honey Bees, these bees are social with queens and workers, though behavioral and morphological differences between these two social, honey producing groups are numerous and extensive. While Honey Bees are better known, the stingless bees have evolved into many more species, including the only group of bees that are meat eaters, feeding on carrion rather than nectar and also the only group that gets its protein from antibacterial enzymes in vertebrate tears. The Biting Stingless Bees are so named after their habitat of flying into the face of an intruding animal (humans included) and aggressively biting eyelids, inside the nose, on the lips or in the ears. They hang on while vibrating their wings and are extremely irritating. They produce moderate amounts of honey that is runnier and somewhat tarter in flavor than Honey Bee honey – but it is quite tasty and much sought after, if you can stand getting bees up your nose during the process. ~~~~~~~~~~{{{{{{0}}}}}}~~~~~~~~~~ All photographs are public domain, feel free to download and use as you wish. Photography Information: Canon Mark II 5D, Zerene Stacker, Stackshot Sled, 65mm Canon MP-E 1-5X macro lens, Twin Macro Flash in Styrofoam Cooler, F5.0, ISO 100, Shutter Speed 200 Further in Summer than the Birds Pathetic from the Grass A minor Nation celebrates Its unobtrusive Mass. No Ordinance be seen So gradual the Grace A pensive Custom it becomes Enlarging Loneliness. Antiquest felt at Noon When August burning low Arise this spectral Canticle Repose to typify Remit as yet no Grace No Furrow on the Glow Yet a Druidic Difference Enhances Nature now -- Emily Dickinson Want some Useful Links to the Techniques We Use? Well now here you go Citizen: Basic USGSBIML set up: www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-_yvIsucOY USGSBIML Photoshopping Technique: Note that we now have added using the burn tool at 50% opacity set to shadows to clean up the halos that bleed into the black background from "hot" color sections of the picture. www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bdmx_8zqvN4 PDF of Basic USGSBIML Photography Set Up: ftp://ftpext.usgs.gov/pub/er/md/laurel/Droege/How%20to%20Take%20MacroPhotographs%20of%20Insects%20BIML%20Lab2.pdf Google Hangout Demonstration of Techniques: plus.google.com/events/c5569losvskrv2nu606ltof8odo or www.youtube.com/watch?v=4c15neFttoU Excellent Technical Form on Stacking: www.photomacrography.net/ Contact information: Sam Droege sdroege@usgs.gov 301 497 5840

Tetragona species, Biting Stingless Bee, specimen collected by German Perilla in Peru Stingless bees are just that, they cannot sting, their sting mechanism was reduced to non-functionality many tens of millions of years ago. Tropical… this large group of social, stingless species and genera, of which the Biting Stingless Bees are only one,, exist around the equator and inhabit all the tropical countries of the world, with the exception of some of the oceanic islands. Associated, but not restricted to, forests they often dominate the local bee community. Similar to Honey Bees, these bees are social with queens and workers, though behavioral and morphological differences between these two social, honey producing groups are numerous and extensive. While Honey Bees are better known, the stingless bees have evolved into many more species, including the only group of bees that are meat eaters, feeding on carrion rather than nectar and also the only group that gets its protein from antibacterial enzymes in vertebrate tears. The Biting Stingless Bees are so named after their habitat of flying into the face of an intruding animal (humans included) and aggressively biting eyelids, inside the nose, on the lips or in the ears. They hang on while vibrating their wings and are extremely irritating. They produce moderate amounts of honey that is runnier and somewhat tarter in flavor than Honey Bee honey – but it is quite tasty and much sought after, if you can stand getting bees up your nose during the process. ~~~~~~~~~~{{{{{{0}}}}}}~~~~~~~~~~ All photographs are public domain, feel free to download and use as you wish. Photography Information: Canon Mark II 5D, Zerene Stacker, Stackshot Sled, 65mm Canon MP-E 1-5X macro lens, Twin Macro Flash in Styrofoam Cooler, F5.0, ISO 100, Shutter Speed 200 Further in Summer than the Birds Pathetic from the Grass A minor Nation celebrates Its unobtrusive Mass. No Ordinance be seen So gradual the Grace A pensive Custom it becomes Enlarging Loneliness. Antiquest felt at Noon When August burning low Arise this spectral Canticle Repose to typify Remit as yet no Grace No Furrow on the Glow Yet a Druidic Difference Enhances Nature now -- Emily Dickinson Want some Useful Links to the Techniques We Use? Well now here you go Citizen: Basic USGSBIML set up: www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-_yvIsucOY USGSBIML Photoshopping Technique: Note that we now have added using the burn tool at 50% opacity set to shadows to clean up the halos that bleed into the black background from "hot" color sections of the picture. www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bdmx_8zqvN4 PDF of Basic USGSBIML Photography Set Up: ftp://ftpext.usgs.gov/pub/er/md/laurel/Droege/How%20to%20Take%20MacroPhotographs%20of%20Insects%20BIML%20Lab2.pdf Google Hangout Demonstration of Techniques: plus.google.com/events/c5569losvskrv2nu606ltof8odo or www.youtube.com/watch?v=4c15neFttoU Excellent Technical Form on Stacking: www.photomacrography.net/ Contact information: Sam Droege sdroege@usgs.gov 301 497 5840

Description: Stingless bee 1, f, face, peru 2014-07-30-12.33.22 ZS PMax. Date: 18 November 2014, 05:33. Source: Stingless bee 1, f, face, peru_2014-07-30-12.33.22 ZS PMax. Author: USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab from Beltsville, Maryland, USA.

Description: Tetragona species, Biting Stingless Bee, specimen collected by German Perilla in Peru Stingless bees are just that, they cannot sting, their sting mechanism was reduced to non-functionality many tens of millions of years ago. Tropical… this large group of social, stingless species and genera, of which the Biting Stingless Bees are only one,, exist around the equator and inhabit all the tropical countries of the world, with the exception of some of the oceanic islands. Associated, but not restricted to, forests they often dominate the local bee community. Similar to Honey Bees, these bees are social with queens and workers, though behavioral and morphological differences between these two social, honey producing groups are numerous and extensive. While Honey Bees are better known, the stingless bees have evolved into many more species, including the only group of bees that are meat eaters, feeding on carrion rather than nectar and also the only group that gets its protein from antibacterial enzymes in vertebrate tears. The Biting Stingless Bees are so named after their habitat of flying into the face of an intruding animal (humans included) and aggressively biting eyelids, inside the nose, on the lips or in the ears. They hang on while vibrating their wings and are extremely irritating. They produce moderate amounts of honey that is runnier and somewhat tarter in flavor than Honey Bee honey – but it is quite tasty and much sought after, if you can stand getting bees up your nose during the process. Date: 18 November 2014, 05:33. Source: Stingless bee 1, f, face, peru_2014-07-30-12.33.22 ZS PMax. Author: USGS Bee Inventory and Monitoring Lab from Beltsville, Maryland, USA.

Dorsal. Specimen ID: 1704464. Field no.: BCI15320. Taxon rep.: Tetragona mayarum. Image quality: 3. Aspect ratio: 1.265.

Lateral. Specimen ID: 1205758. Field no.: CCDB-03754 B05. Taxon rep.: Tetragona dorsalis. Image quality: 2. Aspect ratio: 1.499.

Dorsal. Specimen ID: 1202025. Field no.: CCDB-03752 G11. Taxon rep.: Tetragona PER02. Image quality: 1. Aspect ratio: 0.811.