Italian Lords And Ladies

Longitude (deg): -1.1. Latitude (deg): 51.4. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 10' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 30' N. Vice county name: Berks. Vice county no.: 22. Country: England. Stage: Vegetative. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: in leaf. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR + Sigma 50mm 1:1 macro lens.

Longitude (deg): -1.1. Latitude (deg): 51.4. Longitude (deg/min): 1° 10' W. Latitude (deg/min): 51° 30' N. Vice county name: Berks. Vice county no.: 22. Country: England. Stage: Vegetative. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Comment: in leaf. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Canon EOS400D dSLR + Sigma 50mm 1:1 macro lens.

Country: United Kingdom. Stage: Plant. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Nikon Coolpix 950.

Country: United Kingdom. Stage: Plant. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Nikon Coolpix 950.

Country: United Kingdom. Stage: Plant. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Nikon Coolpix 950.

Country: United Kingdom. Stage: Plant. Identified by: Malcolm Storey. Category: standard photograph or close-up. Photographic equipment used: Nikon Coolpix 950.

Throop, England, United Kingdom

Briantspuddle, England, United Kingdom

Arum italicum Mill., syn.: Arisarum italicum (Mill.) Raf., Arum maculatum var. italicum (Mill.) O. Targ. Tozz.Family: AraceaeEN: Large Cuckoo Pint, Italian Lords-and-Ladies, CR: taljanski kozlac, DE: Italienischer AronstabSlo.: laki kanikDat.: April 22. 2006 Lat.: 44.3749 Long.: 14.7814 (WGS84)Code: Bot_113/2006_DSC0011Habitat: Abandoned fields within a village; semiruderal place; partly overgrown with grass and other herbs, growing under an old Olea europeae; flat terrain; calcareous, red, Karst soil; partly sunny, dry place; elevation 20 m (66 feet); average precipitations ~ 980 mm/year, average temperature 13-15 deg C, Sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Island Olib, south part of village Olib, Adriatic Sea, Dalmatia, Zadar region, Croatia EC. Comment: (relates to the album Arum italicum I and II): Plants of the genus Arum are very interesting. A large yellowish leaf spatula - surrounds inflorescence. Flowers are hidden and enveloped by it. Without dissecting the inflorescence one can see only yellow, cylindrical, terminal appendage - spadix - of the inflorescence. Actual male and female flowers are many, very tiny and separated.Two most common species of this genus grow in Slovenia as well as in Croatia: Arum italicum Mill. and Arum maculatum L.. Theoretically it is very easy to separate both. Arum italicum Mill. has yellow spots on its leaves or strips around leaf veins and yellow spadix and Arum maculatum L. has dark, sometimes almost black, spots on its leaves and darker, more or less violet tinted spadix. However, in practice one can find all kinds of 'intermediate' forms. Plants without leaf spots are frequent, and Arum maculatum may have also yellow spadix (when young). There are differences also in leaf shape and the ratio between the lengths of flower's and leaf stalk, etc. However, they all vary very much. So, the determination is not always straightforward.This find shows typically colored spadix of Arum italicum but only some yellowish blotches along the leaf veins. Alternative Arum maculatum is fortunately not present on island Olib, so the determination seems reliable.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 935. (2) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zgreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 469.(3) M. Blamey, C. Grey-Wilson, Wild Flowers of the Mediterranean, A & C Black, London (2005), p 503.

Arum italicum Mill.Large Cuckoo Pint, Italian Lords-and-Ladies, CR: taljanski kozlac, DE: Italienischer AronstabSlo.: laki kanikDat.: April 24. 2015Lat.: 45.06876 Long.: 14.44834Code: Bot_867/2015_DSC5888 Habitat: on the edge of an abandoned field, next to a stony wall delimiting the fields and under old olive trees; flat terrain, partly sunny and dry place; calcareous ground, exposed to direct rain, elevation 80 m (260 feet), average precipitations 1.000-1.200 mm/year, average temperature 13 - 15 deg C, Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: red Kars soil.Place: Fields on the right side of the road from Milohni village to Vela Jana harbor, west Krk island, Adriatic Sea, Kvarner, Croatia EC.Comment: This plant has very interesting structure of 'flowers'. What one can see on my pictures among leaves are not flowers. What appears as a flower is 'spathe'- a large yellowish leaf surrounding inflorescence, which is developed arounda swollen axis - spadix - with a yellow, cylindrical, terminal appendage. Only the appendage can be seen from outside. The small unisexual flowers are attached to spadix below the appendage and are hidden and enveloped by the spathe. Female flowers sit below male flowers. Both are separated by a ring of hair-like sterile flowers. Above the male flowers there sit additional sterile flowers. This unusual arrangement serves better cross-pollination by preventing self-pollination.Plants photographed were growing in groups of several individuals and are quite common on island Krk.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 935. (2) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zgreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 469.(3) M. Blamey, C. Grey-Wilson, Wild Flowers of the Mediterranean, A & C Black, London (2005), p 503.

Arum italicum Mill.Large Cuckoo Pint, Italian Lords-and-Ladies, CR: taljanski kozlac, DE: Italienischer AronstabSlo.: laki kanikDat.: April 24. 2015Lat.: 45.06876 Long.: 14.44834Code: Bot_867/2015_DSC5888 Habitat: on the edge of an abandoned field, next to a stony wall delimiting the fields and under old olive trees; flat terrain, partly sunny and dry place; calcareous ground, exposed to direct rain, elevation 80 m (260 feet), average precipitations 1.000-1.200 mm/year, average temperature 13 - 15 deg C, Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: red Kars soil.Place: Fields on the right side of the road from Milohni village to Vela Jana harbor, west Krk island, Adriatic Sea, Kvarner, Croatia EC.Comment: This plant has very interesting structure of 'flowers'. What one can see on my pictures among leaves are not flowers. What appears as a flower is 'spathe'- a large yellowish leaf surrounding inflorescence, which is developed arounda swollen axis - spadix - with a yellow, cylindrical, terminal appendage. Only the appendage can be seen from outside. The small unisexual flowers are attached to spadix below the appendage and are hidden and enveloped by the spathe. Female flowers sit below male flowers. Both are separated by a ring of hair-like sterile flowers. Above the male flowers there sit additional sterile flowers. This unusual arrangement serves better cross-pollination by preventing self-pollination.Plants photographed were growing in groups of several individuals and are quite common on island Krk.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 935. (2) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zgreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 469.(3) M. Blamey, C. Grey-Wilson, Wild Flowers of the Mediterranean, A & C Black, London (2005), p 503.

Arum italicum Mill., syn.: Arisarum italicum (Mill.) Raf., Arum maculatum var. italicum (Mill.) O. Targ. Tozz.Family: AraceaeEN: Large Cuckoo Pint, Italian Lords-and-Ladies, CR: taljanski kozlac, DE: Italienischer AronstabSlo.: laki kanikDat.: April 22. 2006 Lat.: 44.3749 Long.: 14.7814 (WGS84)Code: Bot_113/2006_DSC0011Habitat: Abandoned fields within a village; semiruderal place; partly overgrown with grass and other herbs, growing under an old Olea europeae; flat terrain; calcareous, red, Karst soil; partly sunny, dry place; elevation 20 m (66 feet); average precipitations ~ 980 mm/year, average temperature 13-15 deg C, Sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Island Olib, south part of village Olib, Adriatic Sea, Dalmatia, Zadar region, Croatia EC. Comment: (relates to the album Arum italicum I and II): Plants of the genus Arum are very interesting. A large yellowish leaf spatula - surrounds inflorescence. Flowers are hidden and enveloped by it. Without dissecting the inflorescence one can see only yellow, cylindrical, terminal appendage - spadix - of the inflorescence. Actual male and female flowers are many, very tiny and separated.Two most common species of this genus grow in Slovenia as well as in Croatia: Arum italicum Mill. and Arum maculatum L.. Theoretically it is very easy to separate both. Arum italicum Mill. has yellow spots on its leaves or strips around leaf veins and yellow spadix and Arum maculatum L. has dark, sometimes almost black, spots on its leaves and darker, more or less violet tinted spadix. However, in practice one can find all kinds of 'intermediate' forms. Plants without leaf spots are frequent, and Arum maculatum may have also yellow spadix (when young). There are differences also in leaf shape and the ratio between the lengths of flower's and leaf stalk, etc. However, they all vary very much. So, the determination is not always straightforward.This find shows typically colored spadix of Arum italicum but only some yellowish blotches along the leaf veins. Alternative Arum maculatum is fortunately not present on island Olib, so the determination seems reliable.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 935. (2) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zgreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 469.(3) M. Blamey, C. Grey-Wilson, Wild Flowers of the Mediterranean, A & C Black, London (2005), p 503.

Arum italicum Mill.Large Cuckoo Pint, Italian Lords-and-Ladies, CR: taljanski kozlac, DE: Italienischer AronstabSlo.: laki kanikDat.: April 24. 2015Lat.: 45.06876 Long.: 14.44834Code: Bot_867/2015_DSC5888 Habitat: on the edge of an abandoned field, next to a stony wall delimiting the fields and under old olive trees; flat terrain, partly sunny and dry place; calcareous ground, exposed to direct rain, elevation 80 m (260 feet), average precipitations 1.000-1.200 mm/year, average temperature 13 - 15 deg C, Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: red Kars soil.Place: Fields on the right side of the road from Milohni village to Vela Jana harbor, west Krk island, Adriatic Sea, Kvarner, Croatia EC.Comment: This plant has very interesting structure of 'flowers'. What one can see on my pictures among leaves are not flowers. What appears as a flower is 'spathe'- a large yellowish leaf surrounding inflorescence, which is developed arounda swollen axis - spadix - with a yellow, cylindrical, terminal appendage. Only the appendage can be seen from outside. The small unisexual flowers are attached to spadix below the appendage and are hidden and enveloped by the spathe. Female flowers sit below male flowers. Both are separated by a ring of hair-like sterile flowers. Above the male flowers there sit additional sterile flowers. This unusual arrangement serves better cross-pollination by preventing self-pollination.Plants photographed were growing in groups of several individuals and are quite common on island Krk.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 935. (2) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zgreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 469.(3) M. Blamey, C. Grey-Wilson, Wild Flowers of the Mediterranean, A & C Black, London (2005), p 503.

Arum italicum Mill., syn.: Arisarum italicum (Mill.) Raf., Arum maculatum var. italicum (Mill.) O. Targ. Tozz.Family: AraceaeEN: Large Cuckoo Pint, Italian Lords-and-Ladies, CR: taljanski kozlac, DE: Italienischer AronstabSlo.: laki kanikDat.: April 22. 2006 Lat.: 44.3749 Long.: 14.7814 (WGS84)Code: Bot_113/2006_DSC0011Habitat: Abandoned fields within a village; semiruderal place; partly overgrown with grass and other herbs, growing under an old Olea europeae; flat terrain; calcareous, red, Karst soil; partly sunny, dry place; elevation 20 m (66 feet); average precipitations ~ 980 mm/year, average temperature 13-15 deg C, Sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Island Olib, south part of village Olib, Adriatic Sea, Dalmatia, Zadar region, Croatia EC. Comment: (relates to the album Arum italicum I and II): Plants of the genus Arum are very interesting. A large yellowish leaf spatula - surrounds inflorescence. Flowers are hidden and enveloped by it. Without dissecting the inflorescence one can see only yellow, cylindrical, terminal appendage - spadix - of the inflorescence. Actual male and female flowers are many, very tiny and separated.Two most common species of this genus grow in Slovenia as well as in Croatia: Arum italicum Mill. and Arum maculatum L.. Theoretically it is very easy to separate both. Arum italicum Mill. has yellow spots on its leaves or strips around leaf veins and yellow spadix and Arum maculatum L. has dark, sometimes almost black, spots on its leaves and darker, more or less violet tinted spadix. However, in practice one can find all kinds of 'intermediate' forms. Plants without leaf spots are frequent, and Arum maculatum may have also yellow spadix (when young). There are differences also in leaf shape and the ratio between the lengths of flower's and leaf stalk, etc. However, they all vary very much. So, the determination is not always straightforward.This find shows typically colored spadix of Arum italicum but only some yellowish blotches along the leaf veins. Alternative Arum maculatum is fortunately not present on island Olib, so the determination seems reliable.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 935. (2) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zgreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 469.(3) M. Blamey, C. Grey-Wilson, Wild Flowers of the Mediterranean, A & C Black, London (2005), p 503.

Arum italicum Mill., syn.: Arisarum italicum (Mill.) Raf., Arum maculatum var. italicum (Mill.) O. Targ. Tozz.Family: AraceaeEN: Large Cuckoo Pint, Italian Lords-and-Ladies, CR: taljanski kozlac, DE: Italienischer AronstabSlo.: laki kanikDat.: April 22. 2006 Lat.: 44.3749 Long.: 14.7814 (WGS84)Code: Bot_113/2006_DSC0011Habitat: Abandoned fields within a village; semiruderal place; partly overgrown with grass and other herbs, growing under an old Olea europeae; flat terrain; calcareous, red, Karst soil; partly sunny, dry place; elevation 20 m (66 feet); average precipitations ~ 980 mm/year, average temperature 13-15 deg C, Sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Island Olib, south part of village Olib, Adriatic Sea, Dalmatia, Zadar region, Croatia EC. Comment: (relates to the album Arum italicum I and II): Plants of the genus Arum are very interesting. A large yellowish leaf spatula - surrounds inflorescence. Flowers are hidden and enveloped by it. Without dissecting the inflorescence one can see only yellow, cylindrical, terminal appendage - spadix - of the inflorescence. Actual male and female flowers are many, very tiny and separated.Two most common species of this genus grow in Slovenia as well as in Croatia: Arum italicum Mill. and Arum maculatum L.. Theoretically it is very easy to separate both. Arum italicum Mill. has yellow spots on its leaves or strips around leaf veins and yellow spadix and Arum maculatum L. has dark, sometimes almost black, spots on its leaves and darker, more or less violet tinted spadix. However, in practice one can find all kinds of 'intermediate' forms. Plants without leaf spots are frequent, and Arum maculatum may have also yellow spadix (when young). There are differences also in leaf shape and the ratio between the lengths of flower's and leaf stalk, etc. However, they all vary very much. So, the determination is not always straightforward.This find shows typically colored spadix of Arum italicum but only some yellowish blotches along the leaf veins. Alternative Arum maculatum is fortunately not present on island Olib, so the determination seems reliable.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 935. (2) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zgreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 469.(3) M. Blamey, C. Grey-Wilson, Wild Flowers of the Mediterranean, A & C Black, London (2005), p 503.

Arum italicum Mill., syn.: Arisarum italicum (Mill.) Raf., Arum maculatum var. italicum (Mill.) O. Targ. Tozz.Family: AraceaeEN: Large Cuckoo Pint, Italian Lords-and-Ladies, CR: taljanski kozlac, DE: Italienischer AronstabSlo.: laki kanikDat.: April 22. 2006 Lat.: 44.3749 Long.: 14.7814 (WGS84)Code: Bot_113/2006_DSC0011Habitat: Abandoned fields within a village; semiruderal place; partly overgrown with grass and other herbs, growing under an old Olea europeae; flat terrain; calcareous, red, Karst soil; partly sunny, dry place; elevation 20 m (66 feet); average precipitations ~ 980 mm/year, average temperature 13-15 deg C, Sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Island Olib, south part of village Olib, Adriatic Sea, Dalmatia, Zadar region, Croatia EC. Comment: (relates to the album Arum italicum I and II): Plants of the genus Arum are very interesting. A large yellowish leaf spatula - surrounds inflorescence. Flowers are hidden and enveloped by it. Without dissecting the inflorescence one can see only yellow, cylindrical, terminal appendage - spadix - of the inflorescence. Actual male and female flowers are many, very tiny and separated.Two most common species of this genus grow in Slovenia as well as in Croatia: Arum italicum Mill. and Arum maculatum L.. Theoretically it is very easy to separate both. Arum italicum Mill. has yellow spots on its leaves or strips around leaf veins and yellow spadix and Arum maculatum L. has dark, sometimes almost black, spots on its leaves and darker, more or less violet tinted spadix. However, in practice one can find all kinds of 'intermediate' forms. Plants without leaf spots are frequent, and Arum maculatum may have also yellow spadix (when young). There are differences also in leaf shape and the ratio between the lengths of flower's and leaf stalk, etc. However, they all vary very much. So, the determination is not always straightforward.This find shows typically colored spadix of Arum italicum but only some yellowish blotches along the leaf veins. Alternative Arum maculatum is fortunately not present on island Olib, so the determination seems reliable.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 935. (2) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zgreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 469.(3) M. Blamey, C. Grey-Wilson, Wild Flowers of the Mediterranean, A & C Black, London (2005), p 503.

Arum italicum Mill., syn.: Arisarum italicum (Mill.) Raf., Arum maculatum var. italicum (Mill.) O. Targ. Tozz.Family: AraceaeEN: Large Cuckoo Pint, Italian Lords-and-Ladies, CR: taljanski kozlac, DE: Italienischer AronstabSlo.: laki kanikDat.: April 22. 2006 Lat.: 44.3749 Long.: 14.7814 (WGS84)Code: Bot_113/2006_DSC0011Habitat: Abandoned fields within a village; semiruderal place; partly overgrown with grass and other herbs, growing under an old Olea europeae; flat terrain; calcareous, red, Karst soil; partly sunny, dry place; elevation 20 m (66 feet); average precipitations ~ 980 mm/year, average temperature 13-15 deg C, Sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil.Place: Island Olib, south part of village Olib, Adriatic Sea, Dalmatia, Zadar region, Croatia EC. Comment: (relates to the album Arum italicum I and II): Plants of the genus Arum are very interesting. A large yellowish leaf spatula - surrounds inflorescence. Flowers are hidden and enveloped by it. Without dissecting the inflorescence one can see only yellow, cylindrical, terminal appendage - spadix - of the inflorescence. Actual male and female flowers are many, very tiny and separated.Two most common species of this genus grow in Slovenia as well as in Croatia: Arum italicum Mill. and Arum maculatum L.. Theoretically it is very easy to separate both. Arum italicum Mill. has yellow spots on its leaves or strips around leaf veins and yellow spadix and Arum maculatum L. has dark, sometimes almost black, spots on its leaves and darker, more or less violet tinted spadix. However, in practice one can find all kinds of 'intermediate' forms. Plants without leaf spots are frequent, and Arum maculatum may have also yellow spadix (when young). There are differences also in leaf shape and the ratio between the lengths of flower's and leaf stalk, etc. However, they all vary very much. So, the determination is not always straightforward.This find shows typically colored spadix of Arum italicum but only some yellowish blotches along the leaf veins. Alternative Arum maculatum is fortunately not present on island Olib, so the determination seems reliable.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 935. (2) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zgreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 469.(3) M. Blamey, C. Grey-Wilson, Wild Flowers of the Mediterranean, A & C Black, London (2005), p 503.

Arum italicum Mill.Large Cuckoo Pint, Italian Lords-and-Ladies, CR: taljanski kozlac, DE: Italienischer AronstabSlo.: laki kanikDat.: April 24. 2015Lat.: 45.06876 Long.: 14.44834Code: Bot_867/2015_DSC5888 Habitat: on the edge of an abandoned field, next to a stony wall delimiting the fields and under old olive trees; flat terrain, partly sunny and dry place; calcareous ground, exposed to direct rain, elevation 80 m (260 feet), average precipitations 1.000-1.200 mm/year, average temperature 13 - 15 deg C, Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: red Kars soil.Place: Fields on the right side of the road from Milohni village to Vela Jana harbor, west Krk island, Adriatic Sea, Kvarner, Croatia EC.Comment: This plant has very interesting structure of 'flowers'. What one can see on my pictures among leaves are not flowers. What appears as a flower is 'spathe'- a large yellowish leaf surrounding inflorescence, which is developed arounda swollen axis - spadix - with a yellow, cylindrical, terminal appendage. Only the appendage can be seen from outside. The small unisexual flowers are attached to spadix below the appendage and are hidden and enveloped by the spathe. Female flowers sit below male flowers. Both are separated by a ring of hair-like sterile flowers. Above the male flowers there sit additional sterile flowers. This unusual arrangement serves better cross-pollination by preventing self-pollination.Plants photographed were growing in groups of several individuals and are quite common on island Krk.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 935. (2) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zgreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 469.(3) M. Blamey, C. Grey-Wilson, Wild Flowers of the Mediterranean, A & C Black, London (2005), p 503.

Arum italicum Mill.Large Cuckoo Pint, Italian Lords-and-Ladies, CR: taljanski kozlac, DE: Italienischer AronstabSlo.: laki kanikDat.: April 24. 2015Lat.: 45.06876 Long.: 14.44834Code: Bot_867/2015_DSC5888 Habitat: on the edge of an abandoned field, next to a stony wall delimiting the fields and under old olive trees; flat terrain, partly sunny and dry place; calcareous ground, exposed to direct rain, elevation 80 m (260 feet), average precipitations 1.000-1.200 mm/year, average temperature 13 - 15 deg C, Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: red Kars soil.Place: Fields on the right side of the road from Milohni village to Vela Jana harbor, west Krk island, Adriatic Sea, Kvarner, Croatia EC.Comment: This plant has very interesting structure of 'flowers'. What one can see on my pictures among leaves are not flowers. What appears as a flower is 'spathe'- a large yellowish leaf surrounding inflorescence, which is developed arounda swollen axis - spadix - with a yellow, cylindrical, terminal appendage. Only the appendage can be seen from outside. The small unisexual flowers are attached to spadix below the appendage and are hidden and enveloped by the spathe. Female flowers sit below male flowers. Both are separated by a ring of hair-like sterile flowers. Above the male flowers there sit additional sterile flowers. This unusual arrangement serves better cross-pollination by preventing self-pollination.Plants photographed were growing in groups of several individuals and are quite common on island Krk.Ref.:(1) A. Martini et all., Mala Flora Slovenije, Tehnina Zaloba Slovenije (2007) (in Slovene), p 935. (2) R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske, Prirunik za odreivanje bilja, kolska Knjiga, Zgreb, II. izdanje (2002), p 469.(3) M. Blamey, C. Grey-Wilson, Wild Flowers of the Mediterranean, A & C Black, London (2005), p 503.

Celles, Languedoc-Roussillon, France