Extant Opiliones and the Identification of a Fossil Stem Group

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Description: English: Extant Opiliones and the Identification of a Fossil Stem Group (A) Basal split between Cyphophthalmi (mite harvestmen) and Phalangida (all remaining harvestmen). (B–G) Lateral view of adult Pettalus (B) with eye mounted on ozophore (arrow) and SEM magnification of the ozophore (C) showing the lateral eye (bottom) and dorsal ozopore (top). The open gonostome of the cyphophthalmid Metasiro with lateral flanges (arrowheads) is shown in ventral view (D). Eyes of Phalangida (E) are typically mounted on a centralized ocularium (F), and the gonostome is sealed with a hinged operculum (G). (H–L) 3D reconstructions of Hastocularis argusgen. nov., sp. nov. (H) Whole body and appendages. (I) Lateral view of body and chelicerae showing ocularium (black arrow) and ozophores (white arrows). (J) Right anterior region shows the ocularium (black arrow), ozophores (white arrows), and corresponding eyes (arrowheads). (K) Left anterior region shows bilateral symmetry of ozophores and eyes. (L) Intromittent genitalia (green) and open gonostome, with lateral flanges (orange). (M) Schematic interpretation of intromittent genitalia. ch, chelicera; g, gonostome; ig, intromittent genitalia; L1, first leg; pp, pedipalp. Scale bars represent 250 μm (G), 500 μm (L and M), 1 mm (J and K), 2 mm (I), and 4 mm (H). Date: 10 April 2014. Source: Garwood, Russell J. et al. A Paleozoic Stem Group to Mite Harvestmen Revealed through Integration of Phylogenetics and Development. Current Biology, Volume 24 , Issue 9 , 1017 - 1023. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.039. Author: Russell J. Garwood, Prashant P. Sharma, Jason A. Dunlop , Gonzalo Giribet. Text is also from original authors, published with CC-BY-3.0 license Licensing[edit].mw-parser-output.responsive-license-cc{clear:both;text-align:center;box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;justify-content:space-around;align-items:center;margin:0.5em auto;background-color:#f9f9f9;border:2px solid #e0e0e0;border-spacing:8px;display:flex}.mw-parser-output.responsive-license-cc div{margin:4px}.mw-parser-output.rlicense-text div{margin:0.5em auto}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output.responsive-license-cc{flex-flow:column}.mw-parser-output.rlicense-text{order:1}} This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work to remix – to adapt the work Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0CC BY 3.0 Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 truetrue