There have been no longevity studies on seminole bats. It has been noted that more females than males have been recorded in the older age class, which indicates a higher male mortality rate. If seminole bats survive the perils of youth, it is likely that they will live for many years. (Kunz and Racey 1998)
Seminole bats are distributed widely across the Gulf Coast States ranging from East Texas to the Southern Atlantic coast and to the northern parts of Arkansas and North Carolina. Their northern range is limited to a maximum latitude of 42° 27'. There have been some questionable reports of seminole bats in the southern portions of Wisconsin and New York, but these could have simply wandered out of their summer range. During winter, abundance of seminole bats increases in the southern portion of their range and decreases in the northern portion. (Kunz and Racey 1998, Wilhide et al. 1998)
Biogeographic Regions: nearctic (Native )
Seminole bats are insectivorous. They feed at dusk, while in flight, on flies, beetles, dragonflies, bees, wasps, and crickets. They are quick and direct when flying, feeding mostly near the tops of trees at about 6 to 15 m. However, it is not uncommon to see them over open ponds, along forest edges, or near lights, presumably where insects accumulate. Like most microchiropterans, seminole bats find their insect prey through echolocation.
Animal Foods: insects
Primary Diet: carnivore (Insectivore )
Seminole bats play an important role in their ecosystems by consuming large quantities of flying insects.
Insect control within the ecosystem is an important role of seminole bats. Bats can positively impact agriculture to a tremendous extent through their predation on common insect pests.
Positive Impacts: controls pest population
Bats can become infected with rabies. The incidence of rabies in seminole bats is low, however, with a reported infection in Florida of 0.6%. During times of torpor, seminole bats are prone to predation from their roosts which are open to the ground. If an infected seminole bat defends itself from a predator, it may pass on rabies. Although no reports confirm this, an increase in rabies does coincide with cooler temperatures when bats are torpid. (Constantine 1958, Wilson and Ruff 1999)
Negative Impacts: causes or carries domestic animal disease
Although they are common in some parts of their range, seminole bats are listed as a species of special concern in Oklahoma.
Since these bats roost primarily in Spanish moss, the gathering of this moss could affect roosting behavior. No studies have been done to determine whether there has been an impact, but educating moss collectors about these roosting requirements could help seminole bats.
This species is rated "Lower Risk, of least concern" by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature.
Temperate North American bats are now threatened by a fungal disease called “white-nose syndrome.” This disease has devastated eastern North American bat populations at hibernation sites since 2007. The fungus, Geomyces destructans, grows best in cold, humid conditions that are typical of many bat hibernacula. The fungus grows on, and in some cases invades, the bodies of hibernating bats and seems to result in disturbance from hibernation, causing a debilitating loss of important metabolic resources and mass deaths. Mortality rates at some hibernation sites have been as high as 90%. While there are currently no reports of Lasiurus seminolus mortalities as a result of white-nose syndrome, the disease continues to expand its range in North America.
US Migratory Bird Act: no special status
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: no special status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern
Perception Channels: tactile ; chemical
Another common name for this species is mahogany bat. Lasiurus seminolus had previously been named Atalapha borealis seminola and Nycteris seminola. The species name comes from the Seminole Indian tribe, who resided in the area where these bats were first discovered.
A seminole bat in captivity ate boiled eggs, cooked liver, and crickets. When flying around an enclosed room, the bat dragged its chin on the shiny linoleum floor apparently mistaking the shining surface for water. (Constantine 1958)
Generally, seminole bats are found in lowland forest stands of mixed deciduous and pine trees. Although several bats may be found hanging together, roosting alone is more common. They hang 1.5 to 6.1 m above the ground on the southwest side of trees, clinging to the inside of clumps of Spanish moss (Tillandsia usneoides), leaves, or loose bark. The area directly below the moss where they hang is clear of other branches. This allows these bats to drop down to begin their flight. The ground beneath them is covered with leaf litter and other organic debris. This reduces the amount of sunlight that is reflected on them when hanging.
Roosting is more common in pine trees, especially during parturition and lactation. The trees that are selected for roosting are taller and larger in diameter than other trees near the roost area. Selected trees are also tend to be near forest edges that permit easy flight paths. (Constantine 1958 and 1966, Barbour and Davis 1969, Menzel et al. 1998)
Habitat Regions: temperate
Terrestrial Biomes: forest
Seminole bats range in length from 108 to 114 mm. They weigh approximately 7 to 14 g. Females are slightly larger than males. Body length ranges from 44 to 52 mm with a hindfoot length of 8 to 9 mm and a forearm length of 35 to 45 mm. The short, rounded ear averages 11 mm in height with a very short, rounded tragus.
Seminole bats were long considered to be a subspecies of red bats (Lasiurus borealis). Since they are of similar size and appearance, they are easily confused with each other. The lacrimal shelf, which is not well developed in seminole bats compared to red bats, and color of the fur are the features used to distinguish these species. Seminole bats have rich, mahogany brown pelage with whitish tips. The underside is paler than the back. The throat and chest are whitish. The area under the arms to the wrist and the uropatagium are entirely furred.
Their basal metabolic rate (BMR) in relation to body weight is lower than in most other mammals. When foraging is limited during the fall and winter seasons, a lower BMR is exhibited resembling a hibernating rather than a non-hibernating mammal.
Range mass: 7 to 14 g.
Range length: 44 to 52 mm.
Range wingspan: 108 to 114 mm.
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; heterothermic ; bilateral symmetry
Sexual Dimorphism: female larger
Predators of seminole bats include blue jays, snakes, and raptors. A study of the stomach contents of an opossum (Didelphis virginiana) and a striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) revealed the remains of seminole bats.
Known Predators:
Mating behaviors are not known in seminole bats.
Mating occurs in flight during the fall. It is thought that the sperm is stored during the winter, and then 1 to 4 young are born in late May to early June. Gestation period is from 80 to 90 days. An average of 3.3 young are born per breeding season, which is unusual as most bats have only one young per litter. These young can fly as soon as 3 to 4 weeks after birth and young probably reach sexual maturity in the year following their birth. (Barbour and Davis 1969, Wilson and Ruff 1999)
Breeding season: Births occur from late May to early June.
Range number of offspring: 1 to 4.
Average number of offspring: 3.3.
Range gestation period: 80 to 90 days.
Range weaning age: 21 to 28 days.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 1 years.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 1 years.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization (Internal ); viviparous ; sperm-storing
Young are cared for by their mother until they are weaned and can fly, at which point they become independent, although there may be some association of mother and offspring for a short period after the young begin to fly.
Parental Investment: altricial ; female parental care
Lasiurus seminolus és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels vespertiliònids. Viu als Estats Units i Mèxic.[1]
Lasiurus seminolus és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels vespertiliònids. Viu als Estats Units i Mèxic.
Die Südstaaten-Rotfledermaus (Lasiurus seminolus) ist eine Fledermausart aus der Familie der Glattnasen (Vespertilionidae), die in Nord- und Zentralamerika beheimatet ist.
Die Südstaaten-Rotfledermaus ist mit einer durchschnittlichen Gesamtlänge von 97,7 mm und einem Gewicht von 10,8 bis 13,8 g eine mittelgroße Fledermaus. Sie kann aufgrund ihrer rötlichen Fellfarbe mit der Roten Fledermaus (Lasiurus borealis) verwechselt werden. Lasiurus seminolus ist jedoch eher mahagonibraun, während die Rote Fledermaus meist ziegelrot gefärbt ist. An den Daumenansätzen und den Schultern besitzt die Art weiße Flecken. Das Fell im Gesicht und um die Ohren ist generell kürzer und heller als das restliche Fell. Die Ohren selber sind kurz und rund mit einem ebenfalls abgerundeten Tragus.
Die Südstaaten-Rotfledermaus ist wie die meisten Fledermäuse nachtaktiv und ernährt sich von Insekten. Dabei fliegt sie hoch über den Baumkronen und fängt die Beute im Flug. Ihr Verbreitungsgebiet ist in der Regel an das Vorkommen von Spanischen Moos (Tillandsia usneoides) gekoppelt, welches tagsüber häufig als Versteck bevorzugt wird. Darüber hinaus findet man die Art auch unter lockerer Baumrinde und in Blättern. Lasiurus seminolus gilt als Einzelgänger und so findet man selten mehrere Tiere am selben Hangplatz. In Ausnahmefällen hängen die Tiere in einem Abstand von mindestens 30 cm voneinander. Im Winter migriert sie wahrscheinlich wie andere Arten der Gattung Lasiurus die in gemäßigten Gebieten vorkommen in südlichere Regionen ihres Verbreitungsgebiets. Lasiurus seminolus erwacht bei wärmeren Temperaturen besonders in südlichen Gebieten aus dem Winterschlaf und begibt sich auf nächtliche Futtersuche. Generell fliegt die Art jedoch bei Temperaturen unter 18 °C nicht aus.
Wie bei anderen Vertretern der Gattung der Roten Fledermäuse paaren sich Männchen und Weibchen wahrscheinlich im Herbst. Über den Winter lagern die Weibchen die Spermien ein. Der Eisprung findet erst im Frühling statt, woraufhin die Eizelle mit den gelagerten Spermien befruchtet wird. Lasiurus intermedius wird im Schnitt mit 3,3 Embryonen trächtig, was ungewöhnlich für Fledermäuse ist, die in der Regel lediglich 1–2 Jungtiere pro Wurf gebären.
Die Südstaaten-Rotfledermaus kommt in den südöstlichen Vereinigten Staaten vor. Die IUCN schätzt die Art dank ihrer weiten Verbreitung und ihres Vorkommens in geschützten Gebieten als ungefährdet ein[1].
Die Südstaaten-Rotfledermaus (Lasiurus seminolus) ist eine Fledermausart aus der Familie der Glattnasen (Vespertilionidae), die in Nord- und Zentralamerika beheimatet ist.
The Seminole bat (Lasiurus seminolus) is a species of bat in the family Vespertilionidae.
L. seminolus
Relationship of L. seminolus within Lasiurus, based on an analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA.[2]The Seminole bat was first described in 1895 by Samuel N. Rhoads.[3] The holotype had been collected in Tarpon Springs, Florida in 1892 by William S. Dickinson. Rhoads placed it in the now-defunct genus Atalpha, identifying it as a subspecies of the eastern red bat with a scientific name of Atalpha borealis seminolus. In 1932, the name Lasiurus seminolus was applied to the taxon for the first time by Earl Lincoln Poole.[4]
The Seminole bat is often confused with the red bat. This is due to the coloring of the Seminole bat, which is a mahogany color with a frosted look due to white tipped dorsal hairs.[4] Coloring is not sexually dimorphic, meaning that males and females are similar in color.[4] Average weight is around 12 grams with females being larger than males.[4]
Seminole bats are insectivores. Insectivores are animals that feed primarily on insects. They have been found to eat relatively large amount of Hymenoptera (ants, bees and wasps), Coleoptera (beetles), Lepidoptera (moths).[5] They have also been shown to eat smaller amounts of Homoptera (cicadas) and Diptera (flies).[5]
The Seminole bat is found in the Southeastern United States. This includes Louisiana, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, South Carolina and parts of Texas, Tennessee, Arkansas and North Carolina. There are also records of Seminole bats as far as Mexico.[4] It is a migratory species, living along the Gulf Coast, in the Carolinas, and southern Arkansas during the winter. In the summer, they migrate as far north as Missouri and Kentucky.[6]
In 2015, it was documented for the first time in northwestern North Carolina.[7]
The bats prefer to live in forested areas. In winter months they are found to use leaf litter and Spanish moss as insulation in their roost sites.[8] Spanish moss is also thought to be an important factor in seminole bat environments year round. and is believed to be a limiting factor in distribution of these bats.[4]
The Seminole bat (Lasiurus seminolus) is a species of bat in the family Vespertilionidae.
Lasiurus seminolus es una especie de murciélago de la familia Vespertilionidae.
Se encuentra en los Estados Unidos y México.
Lasiurus seminolus es una especie de murciélago de la familia Vespertilionidae.
Lasiurus seminolus Lasiurus generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Vespertilioninae azpifamilia eta Vespertilionidae familian sailkatuta dago
Lasiurus seminolus Lasiurus generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Vespertilioninae azpifamilia eta Vespertilionidae familian sailkatuta dago
Lasiurus seminolus (Rhoads, 1895) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Vespertilionidi diffuso nell'America settentrionale.[1][2]
Pipistrello di piccole dimensioni, con la lunghezza totale tra 108 e 114 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 35 e 45 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 44 e 52 mm, la lunghezza del piede tra 8 e 9 mm e un peso fino a 13,8 g.[3]
La pelliccia è lunga e densa, più corta sul muso. Le parti dorsali sono bruno cannella cosparse di peli con la punta cinerea, mentre le parti ventrali sono bruno-giallastre, la gola, il collo e il petto sono simili al dorso ma vistosamente più brizzolati. Sulle spalle e i pollici sono presenti delle macchie biancastre. Il muso è bruno-giallastro chiaro, appuntito e largo, dovuto alla presenza di due masse ghiandolari sui lati. Le orecchie sono marroni scure, corte, arrotondate e ben separate. Il trago è corto, stretto, con l'estremità arrotondata e curvato in avanti. Le ali sono cosparse di pochi peli e marroni scure, con le membrane tra le dita nerastre. La punta della lunga coda si estende leggermente oltre l'ampio uropatagio, il quale è dorsalmente ricoperto di peli dello stesso colore delle parti superiori. Il cariotipo è 2n=28 FNa=48.
Si rifugia solitariamente tra le fronde o nelle cortecce esfoliate della Tillandsia usneoides a circa 1,5-6,1 metri dal suolo. Durante i parti e l'allattamento le femmine tendono a spostarsi su alberi più grandi ai margini forestali come alcune specie di Pini. Il volo è rapido e diretto. L'attività predatoria inizia presto la sera. Effettua migrazioni nella parte sud-orientale degli Stati Uniti d'America. Entra in uno stato di torpore durante le ore più fredde del giorno. Può rimanere attivo a temperature sotto i 21 °C e se l'umidità relativa aumenta può sopportare anche temperature più basse.
Si nutre di insetti, particolarmente mosche, scarafaggi, libellule, api, vespe e grilli catturati sopra la volta forestale tra 6 e 15 metri dal suolo. Più raramente caccia sopra stagni, lungo i margini forestali, in prossimità di luci artificiali dove si accumulano più frequentemente le prede.
Femmine gravide sono state catturate nei mesi di maggio e giugno. Danno alla luce da due a quattro piccoli alla volta a metà giugno in Florida. Sono in grado di volare già a 3-4 settimane di vita.
Questa specie è diffusa negli Stati Uniti d'America sud-orientali, dalla Virginia alla Florida e nel Texas orientale e Oklahoma sud-orientale verso ovest. Popolazioni disgiunte sono presenti nello stato messicano centro-orientale di Veracruz, in Pennsylvania, stato di New York e sulle isole Bermuda.
Vive in ambienti alberati, boschi di palude, foreste di conifere fino a 500 metri di altitudine.
La IUCN Red List, considerato il vasto areale e la popolazione presumibilmente numerosa, classifica L.seminolus come specie a rischio minimo (LC).[1]
Lasiurus seminolus (Rhoads, 1895) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Vespertilionidi diffuso nell'America settentrionale.
Lasiurus seminolus is een zoogdier uit de familie van de gladneuzen (Vespertilionidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Rhoads in 1895.
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
Lasiurus seminolus é uma espécie de morcego da família Vespertilionidae. Pode ser encontrada nos Estados Unidos da América.
Lasiurus seminolus é uma espécie de morcego da família Vespertilionidae. Pode ser encontrada nos Estados Unidos da América.
Lasiurus seminolus[2][3][4][5][6] är en fladdermusart som först beskrevs av Samuel N. Rhoads 1895. Lasiurus seminolus ingår i släktet Lasiurus och familjen läderlappar.[7][8] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[7]
Arten listades länge som en underart till Lasiurus borealis. Sedan mitten av 1900-talet är den godkänd som art.[9]
Enligt två olika studier är den genomsnittliga kroppslängden (inklusive svans) 97,7 respektive 103,5 mm, svanslängden 39,7 respektive 45,5 mm och underarmlängden 39,7 respektive 40,7 mm. Vikten varierar mellan 9,3 och 13,8 g. Pälsen har en rödbrun färg med en något ljusare undersida. Ofta förekommer vita hårspetsar vad som ger pälsen ett frostigt utseende. Vitaktig päls vid halsen påminner om en krage. Den del av flygmembranen som ligger mellan bakbenen är på undersidan täckt av päls.[9]
Denna fladdermus förekommer i sydvästra USA från Texas i väst till Florida i öst och norrut till Arkansas och Virginia. Mindre avskilda populationer hittas utanför denna region. Arten föredrar skogar med lövfällande träd och med några barrträd.[1]
Lasiurus seminolus jagar flygande insekter som flugor, skalbaggar, bin, getingar eller gräshoppor. Jakten sker vanligen över trädens toppar 6 till 15 meter över marken. Ibland jagar fladdermusen över dammar, vid skogens kanter eller i närheten av lampor. Under jakten använder arten ekolokalisering.[1]
Individerna vilar vanligen ensam eller i mindre flockar. De håller sig fast på trädstammen 1,5 till 6,1 meter över marken. Vanligen sitter de på ansamlingar av spansk mossa (Tillandsia usneoides) och sällan direkt på barken. När fladdermusen lämnar viloplatsen faller den för en bit innan den börjar flyga. Lasiurus seminolus jagar inte när lufttemperaturen är lägre än 21°C, bara vid ökad luftfuktighet kan den vara aktiv vid lägre temperaturer. Arten håller ingen vinterdvala men den kan tidvis falla i ett stelt tillstånd (torpor). Några populationer flyger en kortare sträcka söderut före vintern. Äldre individer var oftast honor och därför antas att hanar har en kortare livslängd.[1]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Lasiurus seminolus.
Wikispecies har information om Lasiurus seminolus.
Lasiurus seminolus är en fladdermusart som först beskrevs av Samuel N. Rhoads 1895. Lasiurus seminolus ingår i släktet Lasiurus och familjen läderlappar. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.
Arten listades länge som en underart till Lasiurus borealis. Sedan mitten av 1900-talet är den godkänd som art.
Lasiurus seminolus — вид рукокрилих, родини Лиликові.
Країни проживання: Сполучені Штати Америки (штат Алабама, Аризона, Флорида, Джорджія, Луїзіана, Міссісіпі, Північна Кароліна, Оклахома, Південна Кароліна, Техас). Самітницький. Комахоїдний. Мають швидкий прямий політ.
Lasiurus seminolus — вид рукокрилих, родини Лиликові.
Lasiurus seminolus là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi muỗi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Rhoads mô tả năm 1895.[2]
Phương tiện liên quan tới Lasiurus seminolus tại Wikimedia Commons
Bài viết họ Dơi muỗi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Lasiurus seminolus là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi muỗi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Rhoads mô tả năm 1895.
세미놀박쥐(Lasiurus seminolus)는 애기박쥐과에 속하는 박쥐의 일종이다. 애기박쥐과 박쥐의 공통적인 특징은 비막(박쥐류 뒷발 사이에 있는 막) 안에 완전히 자리잡은 꼬리이다.[2] 털꼬리박쥐속의 다른 박쥐들처럼 비막의 윗쪽 표면은 털로 덮여 있다. 이전에는 동부붉은박쥐(Lasiurus borealis)와 같은 종으로 생각했지만, 현재는 별도의 종으로 간주하고 있다.[3]
세미놀박쥐는 붉은박쥐와 혼동을 일으키곤 한다. 이 혼동은 적갈색(마호가니색)을 띠는 세미놀박쥐의 색깔 때문이며, 등쪽은 털 끝이 희기 때문에 하얗게 보인다.[2] 털 색은 성적 이형성을 보이지 않고, 암수 색깔이 서로 유사하다.[2] 평균 몸무게는 약 12g이고 암컷이 수컷보다 크다.[2]
세미놀박쥐는 식충성 동물이다. 주로 곤충을 먹는다. 비교적 많은 양의 벌목(개미, 꿀벌, 말벌), 딱정벌레목(딱정벌레), 나비목(나방) 곤충을 먹는 모습이 발견된다.[4] 작은 양의 노린재목(매미)과 파리목(파리) 곤충을 먹기도 한다.[4]
세미놀박쥐는 미국 남동부 지역에 분포한다. 루이지애나, 조지아, 앨라배마, 미시시피, 사우스캐롤라이나, 텍사스 일부, 테네시, 아칸소, 노스캐롤라이나에서 서식한다. 그리고 멕시코처럼 남쪽에서도 발견된 기록이 있다.[2] 2015년 노스캐롤라이나 북동부 지역에서 발견된다.[5] 숲 지역에서 서식하는 것을 좋아한다.
