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Comprehensive Description

provided by North American Flora
Rosa carolina L. Sp. PI. 492. 1753
Rosa humilis Marsh. Arbust. 136. 1785.
Rosa parvi flora Ehrh. Beitr. 4: 21. 1789.
Rosa pennsylvanica Wangenh. Beytr. Nordam. Holz. 113. 1787.
Rosa caroliniana Michx. Fl. Am. Bor. 1: 295. 1803.
Rosa praiensis Raf. Ann. Gen. Sci. Phys. 5: 215. 1820.
Rosa lucida a T. & G. Fl. N. Am. 1: 458. 1840.
Rosa parviflora vulgaris Cr£pin, Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 15: 68. 1876.
Rosa humilis parviflora Koehne, Deuts. Dendr. 293. 1893.
Rosa virginiana humilis C. K. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: 570. 1906.
Stems low, slender, 3-10 dm. high, terete, glabrous, usually very bristly when young and armed with slender, straight, paired, terete, infrastipular prickles 5-8 (rarely 10) mm. long; branches usually not bristly, either with infrastipular prickles or sometimes unarmed ; stipules adnate, usually very narrow, 1-15 cm. long, glabrous or slightly pubescent, rarely with a few glandular teeth, the free portion lanceolate, acuminate, about 5 mm. long; petioles and rachis sparingly pubescent or glabrous, rarely with a few prickles; leaflets usually 5, rarely 7, elliptic or lance-elliptic, rarely oval or oblanceolate, 1-3 cm. long, glabrous but not very shining above, usually somewhat paler and pubescent on the veins or glabrate beneath, sharply and regularly serrate with ascending teeth, usually acute at both ends or obtuse at the apex, short-petiolulate; flowers usually solitary; pedicels 1-3 cm. long, glandular-hispid; hypanthium globose or a little depressed, glandular-hispid, in fruit about 8 mm. broad; sepals lanceolate, caudateacuminate, 1.5-2 cm. long, usually very glandular on the back, tomentose within, all or at least the outer ones with linear or subulate lobes, reflexed after anthesis and soon deciduous; petals rose-colored, 2-2.5 cm. long; styles distinct, persistent, not exserted; achenes attached mainly on the bottom of the hypanthium.
Type locality: Carolina. Distribution: Maine to Florida, Texas, Kansas, and Wisconsin.
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bibliographic citation
Per Axel Rydberg. 1918. ROSACEAE (conclusio). North American flora. vol 22(6). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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North American Flora

Rosa carolina

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Rosa carolina, commonly known as the Carolina rose,[2] pasture rose, or prairie rose, is a perennial shrub in the rose family native to eastern North America. It can be found in nearly all US states and Canadian provinces east of the Great Plains. It is common throughout its range and can be found in a wide variety of open habitats, from thickets and open woods to roadsides and along railroads.

Description

Painting of the Carolina rose by Mary E. Eaton from a 1917 issue of National Geographic

Rosa carolina is a perennial shrub.[3] The stems have straight, needle-like thorns, which distinguishes it from very similar species such as R. palustris and R. virginiana, which have curved thorns. The fragrant flowers emerge in early summer.[1] Blooms are about 6 to 8 centimeters (2.5 to 3 inches) in diameter, with five light pink petals and a yellow center. Flowers are typically borne singly on the ends of the current year's growth. There is no repeat bloom. The stems of the rose are upright, grayish in color on new growth, and brown on larger, older branches. Foliage is smooth and dark green. The plants proliferate by root spread. New growth will eventually become small to large thickets, anywhere from 0.5 to 1 m (18 to 40 inches) in height.[4][5]

Distribution and habitat

The Carolina rose is frequently found in a wide range of habitats, including dry soils, at the border of prairies, woodlands, and savannas, in thickets, in upland forested areas, and dunes. It also grows in wet soils along stream beds, swamps and low grassy areas. It has a wide range, from Nova Scotia, Canada, south to Florida, west to Texas, and north to Ontario.[4]

Cultivation

The Carolina rose can be cultivated. It needs full sun to moderate shade, well-drained soil and regular watering to thrive. The rose hips are edible, although very tart in flavor. The plant is attractive to several species of bees[4] and also provides nesting materials to them.[3]

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rosa carolina.
  1. ^ a b NatureServe (2006), "Rosa carolina", NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life, Version 6.1., Arlington, Virginia, retrieved 2007-06-13
  2. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Rosa carolina". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
  3. ^ a b "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org. Retrieved 2021-11-26.
  4. ^ a b c Taylor, David. "Carolina rose". U.S. Forest Service. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  5. ^ "Rosa Carolina". Missouri Botanical Gardens. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
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Rosa carolina: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Rosa carolina, commonly known as the Carolina rose, pasture rose, or prairie rose, is a perennial shrub in the rose family native to eastern North America. It can be found in nearly all US states and Canadian provinces east of the Great Plains. It is common throughout its range and can be found in a wide variety of open habitats, from thickets and open woods to roadsides and along railroads.

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