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Broad Leaved Cutweed

Filago pyramidata L.

Biology

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This plant is an annual and flowers between July and September. The seeds germinate from October to December, with a smaller spring flush following. It is not a competitive plant and cannot tolerate other tall vegetation.
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Conservation

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This species is listed in the UK Biodiversity Action Plans (UKBAPs), and has been included in English Nature's Species Recovery Programme (SRP). Along with its relative, red-tipped cudweed, and other endangered plants of arable land, the broad-leaved cudweed is part of a plan to encourage farmers and landowners to adopt some of the agri-environment schemes now available. As relatively little is known about this species' ability to survive as dormant seed in the ground, the main task is to influence the management of those sites where it still occurs, or has been recorded in the recent past. Re-introducing the plant has not been ruled out as a future possibility, but more work will have to be done on finding out how long the seeds can survive before germination.
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Description

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Broad-leaved cudweed is a somewhat taller and more substantial plant than its close relative, red-tipped cudweed. It, too, is a greyish-green, hairy plant whose leaves are broader and almost spoon-shaped. The flower heads form a pyramidal shape.
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Habitat

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The broad-leaved cudweed prefers arable land which is disturbed regularly, mainly on chalky or calcareous soils. It is a plant of marginal farmland which cannot support more vigorous species. There are also large populations in abandoned chalk quarries.
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Range

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Found across Europe and into central Asia and North Africa. In the UK, it is confined almost entirely to the southeast of England, with records from Sussex, Surrey, Kent, Essex, Cambridgeshire and sites in Oxfordshire. There may be only nine sites in Britain.
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Status

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Classified as Endangered in the UK, and protected under the Wildlife and Countryside Act, Schedule 8.
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Threats

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Changes in agricultural practices including greater use of herbicides, the loss of traditional crop rotations, destruction of field margins and highly productive crop planting, have probably been the most damaging to populations of the broad-leaved cudweed. There is also the problem of neglect and recreational pressures on disused chalk pits.
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Comments

provided by eFloras
Filago pyramidata was first collected in North America in 1935 (G. Wagenitz 1976). It is known in the flora only from northwestern California and from Saturna Island, British Columbia. It is variable in its native range; additional named varieties may eventually turn up in the flora. The name F. vulgaris was misapplied to this species by P. A. Munz (1968).
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 19: 448, 449 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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Description

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Appressed tomentose annuals , 5-30 cm high, with erect primary stem of variable length and divergent branches, usually overtopping the main stem. Leaves oblong-spathulate, apiculate. Capitula c. 8-16 in dense, nearly globose glomerules, 9-12 mm in diameter. Involucre 6 mm long, in the upper half pyramidate and distinctly 5-angled; phyllaries 5-seriate, lanceolate, outer and median carinate, lanate on back, ending in a divergent yellowish arista 1-1.5 mm long, innermost glabrous, phyllaries slightly divergent at fruiting-time. Outer filiform, female florets without pappus in the axils of the phyllaries, in the centre 5-6 (-7) bisexual florets and a varying number of female ones. Cypselas 0.7-1 mm, smooth or thinly papillose, olive brown; pappus in the central florets c. 3 mm long, setae 12-16.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of Pakistan Vol. 210 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
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S. I. Ali & M. Qaiser
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eFloras.org
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Distribution

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Distribution: Mediterranean region, SW and C Asia.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of Pakistan Vol. 210 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
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S. I. Ali & M. Qaiser
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eFloras.org
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Flower/Fruit

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Fl.Per.:February-September.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of Pakistan Vol. 210 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
editor
S. I. Ali & M. Qaiser
project
eFloras.org
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Synonym

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Filago germanica sensu Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 277. 1881 pro parte non L. 1753.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of Pakistan Vol. 210 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
editor
S. I. Ali & M. Qaiser
project
eFloras.org
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Synonym

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Filago germanica Hudson
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 19: 448, 449 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Filago pyramidata

provided by wikipedia EN

Filago pyramidata, the broadleaf cottonrose or broad-leaved cudweed, is a European plant species in the sunflower family. It is native to the Mediterranean region of southern Europe, northern Africa, and the Middle East, plus Great Britain, the Low Countries, and Germany.[1] It is also naturalized in scattered locations in North America (British Columbia, Oregon, California)[2][3] and Australia (South Australia, Victoria),[4] Pakistan, and other places.[5]

Filago pyramidata is an annual plant up to 30 cm (12 in) tall, covered with woolly hairs. It produces flower heads in dense clumps of 8-16 heads, each containing several small flowers.[5]

References

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Filago pyramidata: Brief Summary

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Filago pyramidata, the broadleaf cottonrose or broad-leaved cudweed, is a European plant species in the sunflower family. It is native to the Mediterranean region of southern Europe, northern Africa, and the Middle East, plus Great Britain, the Low Countries, and Germany. It is also naturalized in scattered locations in North America (British Columbia, Oregon, California) and Australia (South Australia, Victoria), Pakistan, and other places.

Filago pyramidata is an annual plant up to 30 cm (12 in) tall, covered with woolly hairs. It produces flower heads in dense clumps of 8-16 heads, each containing several small flowers.

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