Diagnostic Description
provided by Fishbase
Body elongate, somewhat compressed laterally, greatest body depth at front of dorsal fin. Head about 19 - 24 % of total length; eyes large; snout length usually less than eye diameter; mouth moderate, terminal, lower jaw always protruding, maxillary at a distinct angle, extending posteriorly to below anterior half of the eye; a small cluster of teeth present on the tongue. Overall coloration silvery, usually brown to dark green on the back, becoming silvery on sides and below. The small non-anadromous form that remains in fresh water is without spotting on the back and only the pelvic fins have black pigment on the tips., the remaining fins are unpigmented. The larger, anadromous form has dark spots on the head, back, dorsal, and adipose fins, and sometimes, on the pectoral fins; all fins have usually dark pigment on the tips.
Life Cycle
provided by Fishbase
Spawning occurs at night, peaking between 8 pm and midnight. A female spawns almost vertically upward, with her ventral side upstream. She is joined by as many as five males who swim vertically and close to her. As the spawners approach the surface, eggs and milt are released. The fish break the surface, fall over backward, and swim back to the bottom of the pool (Ref. 27547).
- Recorder
- Cristina V. Garilao
Migration
provided by Fishbase
Anadromous. Fish that ascend rivers to spawn, as salmon and hilsa do. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
Morphology
provided by Fishbase
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 12 - 14; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 10 - 13; Vertebrae: 58 - 64
Trophic Strategy
provided by Fishbase
Occurs in coastal waters, estuaries, large lakes and rivers (Ref. 5723). Lake-dwelling populations appear to be non-migratory, while those found in streams or brackish water move considerable distances to reach or leave spawning sites (Ref. 27547). Nerito-pelagic (Ref. 58426). Feeds on planktonic crustaceans and insects (Ref. 1998); also plant material (Ref. 27547) and fishes (Ref. 58426). Does not usually feed during its spawning run (Ref. 28219, 28860, 28861). Migratory forms are observed to live longer than fresh water forms (Ref. 1998).
Biology
provided by Fishbase
Adults occur in coastal waters, estuaries, large lakes and rivers (Ref. 5723). Lake-dwelling populations appear to be non-migratory, while those found in streams or brackish water move considerable distances to reach or leave spawning sites (Ref. 27547). Semi-anadromous populations forage in estuaries, lower courses of rivers, backwaters and lakes (Ref. 59043). Nerito-pelagic (Ref. 58426). Feed on planktonic crustaceans and insects (Ref. 1998); also plant material (Ref. 27547) and fishes (Ref. 58426). Do not usually feed during its spawning run (Ref. 28219, 28860, 28861). Migratory forms are observed to live longer than fresh water forms (Ref. 1998). Spawn in deep pools on sand and gravel (Ref. 59043). Flesh is said to be tasty (Ref. 1998).
Importance
provided by Fishbase
fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes
Coregonus sardinella
provided by wikipedia EN
Coregonus sardinella, known as the least cisco or the sardine cisco, is a fresh- and brackishwater salmonid fish that inhabits rivers, estuaries and coastal waters of the marginal seas of the Arctic Basin, as well as some large lakes of those areas.
In North America it is found from the Murchison River (Nunavut) west through the Bering Strait to the Bristol Bay (Bering Sea) in Alaska, and in the Russian Arctic from the northern part of the Bering Sea across the Siberian Arctic coast to the Kara Sea and Kara River and further to the Pechora River drainage on the European side.[2][3] It has been introduced in some lakes and rivers in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan.[4]
Coregonus sardinella is closely related to the European cisco or vendace Coregonus albula, and also is close to the Siberian peled whitefish C. peled.[5][3] Most recently, it has been argued to be the same species as the European cisco.[6][7]
References
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^ Freyhof, J.; Kottelat, M. (2008). "Coregonus sardinella". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T62223A12581797. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T62223A12581797.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
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^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2021). "Coregonus sardinella" in FishBase. August 2021 version.
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^ a b Sendek DS (2021) Phylogenetic relationships in vendace and least cisco, and their distribution areas in western Eurasia. Annales Zoologici Fennici 58: 289–306.
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^ Состояние гидробионтов водоемов особо охраняемых природных территорий республиканского значения северного и центрального Казахстана
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^ Bernatchez L, Colombani F, Dodson JJ (1991) Phylogenetic relationships among the subfamily Coregoninae as revealed by mitochondrial DNA restriction analysis, Journal of Fish Biology 39 (Suppl A):283-290.
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^ Borovikova, E. A., Artamonova, V. S. (2021) Vendace (Coregonus albula) and least cisco (Coregonus sardinella) are a single species: evidence from revised data on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA polymorphism. Hydrobiologia 848: 4241-4262.
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^ Coregonus sardinella Eschmeyer's Catlogue of Fishes Online. accessed 2 July 2022
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- Wikipedia authors and editors
Coregonus sardinella: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Coregonus sardinella, known as the least cisco or the sardine cisco, is a fresh- and brackishwater salmonid fish that inhabits rivers, estuaries and coastal waters of the marginal seas of the Arctic Basin, as well as some large lakes of those areas.
In North America it is found from the Murchison River (Nunavut) west through the Bering Strait to the Bristol Bay (Bering Sea) in Alaska, and in the Russian Arctic from the northern part of the Bering Sea across the Siberian Arctic coast to the Kara Sea and Kara River and further to the Pechora River drainage on the European side. It has been introduced in some lakes and rivers in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan.
Coregonus sardinella is closely related to the European cisco or vendace Coregonus albula, and also is close to the Siberian peled whitefish C. peled. Most recently, it has been argued to be the same species as the European cisco.
- license
- cc-by-sa-3.0
- copyright
- Wikipedia authors and editors