Comments
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Two varieties and two forms occurring within the flora have been recognized (M. L. Fernald 1945b). Juncus canadensis var. sparsiflorus has stiffly erect inflorescence branches, and the flowers are generally longer than those of var. canadensis. These varieties simply serve to give name to parts of the broad morphologic range of variation encountered in J. canadensis and do not appear to represent any distinct biological entities.
Juncus canadensis and the following three species form a distinctive group: they have ve been variously treated as speecies (as here), varieties of J. canadensis, or as two species, J. canadensis and a polymorphic species, J. brachysephalus, encompassing the other three species (B. Boivin 1967--1979, part IV). Most of the species are easily recognized at their extremes but show a fair amount of overlap.
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Description
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Herbs, perennial, cespitose, 3--10 dm. Culms erect, 1--5 mm diam., smooth. Cataphylls 0 or 1--2, straw-colored, apex rounded. Leaves: basal 1, cauline 2--3; auricles 1--1.2 mm, apex rounded, scarious; blade terete, 7--22 cm x 1.2--3 mm. Inflorescences panicles or racemes of 3--50 heads, 2--20 cm, branches erect to ascending; primary bract erect; heads 5--50-flowered, obconic to spheric, 3--10 mm diam. Flowers: tepals green or straw-colored to reddish brown, lanceolate; outer tepals 2.7--3.8 mm, apex acuminate; inner tepals 2.9--4 mm, apex acuminate; stamens 3(--6), anthers 1/2 filament length. Capsules equaling perianth or exserted, chestnut brown, imperfectly 3-locular, lanceoloid, 3.3--4.5 mm, acute proximal to beak, valves separating at dehiscence. Seeds fusiform, 1.1--1.9 mm, tailed; body covered with whitish translucent veil. 2n = 80.
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Distribution
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St. Pierre and Miquelon; Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., Oreg., P.E.I., Que.; Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.
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Flowering/Fruiting
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Fruiting mid summer--fall.
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Habitat
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Salt, brackish, and calcareous marshes, acid bogs, roadsides, tidal flats, swamps, patterned fen, lake shores, beaches; 0--200m.
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Synonym
provided by eFloras
Juncus canadensis var. longicaudatus Engelmann; J. canadensis var. sparsiflorus Fernald; J. longicaudatus (Engelmann) Mackenzie; J. polycephalus Michaux var. paradoxus Torrey
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Juncus canadensis
provided by wikipedia EN
Juncus canadensis, called the Canadian rush, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Juncus, native to central and eastern Canada and the central and eastern United States, and introduced to Oregon, New Zealand, and the Low Countries in Europe.[2] It is an obligate wetland species.[3]
References
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Juncus canadensis: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Juncus canadensis, called the Canadian rush, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Juncus, native to central and eastern Canada and the central and eastern United States, and introduced to Oregon, New Zealand, and the Low Countries in Europe. It is an obligate wetland species.
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