(Fig. 6)
Morphological characters of wingless, ergatoid males similar to those of conspecific workers excluding genitalia. In winged males, antennal scrobe absent. Mandible reduced in size. Basal cavity of mandible extending to its front face and visible in full-face view. Notauli absent. Mesepimeron not bearing posterodorsal (epimeral) lobe. Petiole lacking dorsolateral projections. Dorsal margin of petiole, in anterior view, without a conical or pointed apex. Apical margin of abdominal tergum VIII without spine. Jugal lobe of hind wing absent. Middle and hind tibia with single spur. Claws simple, never multidentate or pectinate.
Remarks. Reduction or absence of the lobe on the mesepimeron (epimeral lobe) was found in males of only Hypoponera and Ponera in this region (Fig. 6a; Taylor, 1967). This character can be used to separate these two genera from other ponerines in the Malagasy region. To separate Hypoponera and Ponera , see remarks in the Ponera section. Taylor (1967) stated that the maxillary palpus had a single segment in Hypoponera , but males of Hypoponera having a two-segmented maxillary palpus were observed in the present study (Fig. 6c).
— Les especes du genre Ponera devenant de plus en plus difficiles a classer, je pense que le moment est venu de scinder ce genre en deux groupes: l'un presentant une suture mesoepinotale bien distincte (sg. Ponera ) et l'autre chez lequel cette suture s'efface sur le dos, bien que, parfois, le thorax soit plus ou moins retreci a ce niveau (sg. Hypoponera ). Si cette derniere coupe n'est peut-etre pas tres naturelle, elle a du moins le merite de son utilite. Le type en est P. Abeillei Andre .
Caaguazú , Misiones, Ñeembucú (ALWC).
Concepción (ALWC).
Itapúa (ALWC).
Alto Paraná , Canindeyú , Central, Concepción (ALWC).
Paraguarí (ALWC).
Canindeyú , Misiones, Ñeembucú (ALWC).
Canindeyú , Itapúa (ALWC, MHNG).
Amambay, Canindeyú (ALWC, INBP, LACM).
Amambay, Boquerón , Canindeyú , Central, Concepción , Pte. Hayes (ALWC, NBP, LACM).
Alto Paraná , Amambay, Canindeyú , Central, Concepción (ALWC, INBP, LACM, MHNG).
Caaguazú , Canindeyú , Central, Itapúa , Pte. Hayes (ALWC, INBP, LACM, MZSP).
Canindeyú , Concepción (ALWC, INBP, LACM, MZSP).
This is a cosmopolitan genus of small predacious ants, nesting in soil and rotten wood. Four species are known from California, of which one ( Hypoponera sp. CA-01) is apparently undescribed and not included in the keys cited below. It is similar to Hypoponera opacior (Forel) from which it can be distinguished by the orange-brown body color (usually dark brown in California H. opacior ), narrower head (CI 0.77-0.83, as opposed to 0.83-0.87 in H. opacior ), and conspicuous standing pilosity on the venter of the head (such pilosity sparse in California populations of H. opacior ).
Species identification: keys in Creighton (1950a), Wheeler and Wheeler (1986g) and Mackay and Mackay (2002). Additional references: Delabie and Blard (2002), Duffield et al. (1976), Foitzik et al. (2002), Taylor (1967a).
Hypoponera is a genus of ants in the subfamily Ponerinae.[2] The genus has a worldwide distribution and is found in all continents except Antarctica.[3]
Hypoponera is a genus of ants in the subfamily Ponerinae. The genus has a worldwide distribution and is found in all continents except Antarctica.
