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Chestnut Rush

Juncus castaneus Sm.

Comments

provided by eFloras
In southern Alaska some plants with several many-flowered heads and capsules about double the length of the perianth have been referred to the Asian Juncus castaneus subsp. leucochlamys. The distinction, however, seems dubious without further investigation.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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eFloras.org
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Description

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Herbs, perennial, strongly rhizomatous, 1--4 dm. Culms solitary, 1--2 mm diam. Cataphylls 1--2. Leaves partially cauline, 3--5, auricles absent distally, rounded proximally; blade channeled, to 20 cm, reduced distally. Inflorescences glomerules, 1--3(--5), each with 2--10 flowers; peduncles 0.4--1.5 cm; primary bracts somewhat inflated, usually surpassing inflorescence. Flowers: bracteoles absent; tepals brown or occasionally paler, lanceolate, 4.5--6.6 mm, apex acute to obtuse; inner series slightly shorter; stamens 6, filaments 2.5--3.5 mm, anthers 0.6--1.3 mm; style 1--1.3 mm. Capsules chestnut brown, 3-locular, narrowly oblong, 6.5--8.5 x 1.8--2.3 mm. Seeds pale yellow, fusiform, body 0.6--0.7 mm, tails 0.8--1.1 mm. 2n = 60, 90, 120.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
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eFloras

Description

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Plants perennial, 15--40 cm tall. Rhizome of long, subterranean runners. Stem usually solitary, terete, 2--3.5 mm in diam. Cataphylls few. Basal leaves 2--4, cauline leaf absent or 1; leaf sheath auricles absent; leaf blade flat, 6--25 cm × 3--6 mm, margin usually involute. Inflorescences with involucral bracts 1 or 2, leaflike, usually longer than inflorescence; heads 2--8, hemispheric, 7--9 mm in diam. at anthesis, 4--10-flowered; bracts 2 or 3, lanceolate, usually shorter than flowers. Pedicels ca. 2 mm. Perianth segments dark brown to chestnut brown, narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 4--5 mm, unequal with outer ones slightly longer than inner, apex acuminate. Stamens 6; filaments ca. 2 mm; anthers ca. 1 mm. Style 1--1.5 mm; stigmas 2--3 mm. Capsule trigonous ellipsoid, 6--7 mm, 3-septate, base lighter colored, apex reddish brown, tapered to an acute tip. Seeds ca. 1 mm, both ends appendaged; appendages white, ca. 1 mm. Fl. Jul--Aug, fr. Aug--Sep. 2 n = 40, 60.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 24: 63 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
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Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
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eFloras.org
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Distribution

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Greenland; Alta., B.C., Man., Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.), N.W.T., Nunavut, Ont., Que., Sask., Yukon; Alaska, Colo., Mont., Nev., N.Mex., Utah, Wyo.; Europe; Asia.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
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eFloras

Distribution

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Gansu, Hebei, Jilin, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan [Russia (Siberia); Europe, North America].
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 24: 63 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Flowering/Fruiting

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Flowering and fruiting late spring--summer.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
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eFloras

Habitat

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Tundra, subalpine and alpine bogs and meadows, and along streams in gravelly or clayey soils; 10--3700m.
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cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
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eFloras

Habitat

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Wet meadows or swamps in mountainous areas; 2100--3100 m.
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of China Vol. 24: 63 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of China @ eFloras.org
editor
Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Hong Deyuan
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Synonym

provided by eFloras
Juncus castaneus var. pallidus (Hooker ex Buchenau) B. Boivin; J. castaneus subsp. leucochlamys (N. W. Zinger. ex V. I. Kreczetowicz) Hultén; J. leucochlamys N. W. Zinger ex V. I. Kreczetowicz
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 22 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
project
eFloras.org
original
visit source
partner site
eFloras

Juncus castaneus

provided by wikipedia EN

Juncus castaneus is a species of rush known by the common name chestnut rush. It has a circumboreal[1] or circumpolar distribution,[2] occurring throughout the northern latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. It occurs in Europe, Asia, and North America. In North America it occurs from Alaska to Greenland, its distribution spanning Canada and extending south through the Rocky Mountains in the contiguous United States.[1] It is widespread and common in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.[2]

This perennial plant produces stems up to 50 centimeters tall,[2] singly or in pairs,[1] from a rhizome. There are a few leaves, the longest basal ones reaching 20 centimeters in length. There are one to five flower heads, each containing up to 10[3] or 12 flowers.[1] Each flower has 3 brown tepals and 6 stamens. The fruit is a dry, dark brown or chestnut capsule. The seed is a few millimeters long, including its long tail.[1][3] The plant reproduces by seed and by rhizome.[1]

This plant grows in Arctic habitat types, and farther south, on high mountains in alpine climates. It grows in wet areas, such as streambanks, bogs, and seeps.[1][2]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Williams, Tara Y. 1990. Juncus castaneus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.
  2. ^ a b c d Aiken, S. G., et al. 1999 onwards. Juncus castaneus. Flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval. Version: 29 April 2003.
  3. ^ a b Juncus castaneus. Flora of North America.

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Juncus castaneus: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Juncus castaneus is a species of rush known by the common name chestnut rush. It has a circumboreal or circumpolar distribution, occurring throughout the northern latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. It occurs in Europe, Asia, and North America. In North America it occurs from Alaska to Greenland, its distribution spanning Canada and extending south through the Rocky Mountains in the contiguous United States. It is widespread and common in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.

This perennial plant produces stems up to 50 centimeters tall, singly or in pairs, from a rhizome. There are a few leaves, the longest basal ones reaching 20 centimeters in length. There are one to five flower heads, each containing up to 10 or 12 flowers. Each flower has 3 brown tepals and 6 stamens. The fruit is a dry, dark brown or chestnut capsule. The seed is a few millimeters long, including its long tail. The plant reproduces by seed and by rhizome.

This plant grows in Arctic habitat types, and farther south, on high mountains in alpine climates. It grows in wet areas, such as streambanks, bogs, and seeps.

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Wikipedia authors and editors
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wikipedia EN