Comments
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In southern Alaska some plants with several many-flowered heads and capsules about double the length of the perianth have been referred to the Asian Juncus castaneus subsp. leucochlamys. The distinction, however, seems dubious without further investigation.
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Description
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Herbs, perennial, strongly rhizomatous, 1--4 dm. Culms solitary, 1--2 mm diam. Cataphylls 1--2. Leaves partially cauline, 3--5, auricles absent distally, rounded proximally; blade channeled, to 20 cm, reduced distally. Inflorescences glomerules, 1--3(--5), each with 2--10 flowers; peduncles 0.4--1.5 cm; primary bracts somewhat inflated, usually surpassing inflorescence. Flowers: bracteoles absent; tepals brown or occasionally paler, lanceolate, 4.5--6.6 mm, apex acute to obtuse; inner series slightly shorter; stamens 6, filaments 2.5--3.5 mm, anthers 0.6--1.3 mm; style 1--1.3 mm. Capsules chestnut brown, 3-locular, narrowly oblong, 6.5--8.5 x 1.8--2.3 mm. Seeds pale yellow, fusiform, body 0.6--0.7 mm, tails 0.8--1.1 mm. 2n = 60, 90, 120.
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Description
provided by eFloras
Plants perennial, 15--40 cm tall. Rhizome of long, subterranean runners. Stem usually solitary, terete, 2--3.5 mm in diam. Cataphylls few. Basal leaves 2--4, cauline leaf absent or 1; leaf sheath auricles absent; leaf blade flat, 6--25 cm × 3--6 mm, margin usually involute. Inflorescences with involucral bracts 1 or 2, leaflike, usually longer than inflorescence; heads 2--8, hemispheric, 7--9 mm in diam. at anthesis, 4--10-flowered; bracts 2 or 3, lanceolate, usually shorter than flowers. Pedicels ca. 2 mm. Perianth segments dark brown to chestnut brown, narrowly ovate to lanceolate, 4--5 mm, unequal with outer ones slightly longer than inner, apex acuminate. Stamens 6; filaments ca. 2 mm; anthers ca. 1 mm. Style 1--1.5 mm; stigmas 2--3 mm. Capsule trigonous ellipsoid, 6--7 mm, 3-septate, base lighter colored, apex reddish brown, tapered to an acute tip. Seeds ca. 1 mm, both ends appendaged; appendages white, ca. 1 mm. Fl. Jul--Aug, fr. Aug--Sep. 2 n = 40, 60.
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Distribution
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Greenland; Alta., B.C., Man., Nfld. and Labr. (Labr.), N.W.T., Nunavut, Ont., Que., Sask., Yukon; Alaska, Colo., Mont., Nev., N.Mex., Utah, Wyo.; Europe; Asia.
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Distribution
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Gansu, Hebei, Jilin, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan [Russia (Siberia); Europe, North America].
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Flowering/Fruiting
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Flowering and fruiting late spring--summer.
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Habitat
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Tundra, subalpine and alpine bogs and meadows, and along streams in gravelly or clayey soils; 10--3700m.
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Habitat
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Wet meadows or swamps in mountainous areas; 2100--3100 m.
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Synonym
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Juncus castaneus var. pallidus (Hooker ex Buchenau) B. Boivin; J. castaneus subsp. leucochlamys (N. W. Zinger. ex V. I. Kreczetowicz) Hultén; J. leucochlamys N. W. Zinger ex V. I. Kreczetowicz
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Juncus castaneus
provided by wikipedia EN
Juncus castaneus is a species of rush known by the common name chestnut rush. It has a circumboreal[1] or circumpolar distribution,[2] occurring throughout the northern latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. It occurs in Europe, Asia, and North America. In North America it occurs from Alaska to Greenland, its distribution spanning Canada and extending south through the Rocky Mountains in the contiguous United States.[1] It is widespread and common in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.[2]
This perennial plant produces stems up to 50 centimeters tall,[2] singly or in pairs,[1] from a rhizome. There are a few leaves, the longest basal ones reaching 20 centimeters in length. There are one to five flower heads, each containing up to 10[3] or 12 flowers.[1] Each flower has 3 brown tepals and 6 stamens. The fruit is a dry, dark brown or chestnut capsule. The seed is a few millimeters long, including its long tail.[1][3] The plant reproduces by seed and by rhizome.[1]
This plant grows in Arctic habitat types, and farther south, on high mountains in alpine climates. It grows in wet areas, such as streambanks, bogs, and seeps.[1][2]
References
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^ a b c d e f g Williams, Tara Y. 1990. Juncus castaneus. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory.
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^ a b c d Aiken, S. G., et al. 1999 onwards. Juncus castaneus. Flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago: Descriptions, Illustrations, Identification, and Information Retrieval. Version: 29 April 2003.
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^ a b Juncus castaneus. Flora of North America.
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Juncus castaneus: Brief Summary
provided by wikipedia EN
Juncus castaneus is a species of rush known by the common name chestnut rush. It has a circumboreal or circumpolar distribution, occurring throughout the northern latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. It occurs in Europe, Asia, and North America. In North America it occurs from Alaska to Greenland, its distribution spanning Canada and extending south through the Rocky Mountains in the contiguous United States. It is widespread and common in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.
This perennial plant produces stems up to 50 centimeters tall, singly or in pairs, from a rhizome. There are a few leaves, the longest basal ones reaching 20 centimeters in length. There are one to five flower heads, each containing up to 10 or 12 flowers. Each flower has 3 brown tepals and 6 stamens. The fruit is a dry, dark brown or chestnut capsule. The seed is a few millimeters long, including its long tail. The plant reproduces by seed and by rhizome.
This plant grows in Arctic habitat types, and farther south, on high mountains in alpine climates. It grows in wet areas, such as streambanks, bogs, and seeps.
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