dcsimg

Diagnostic Description

provided by Fishbase
Diagnosed from its congeners in Europe by having the following characters: body silvery-brown in color; last simple anal and dorsal rays strongly serrated; 37-52 gill rakers; lateral line with 29-33 scales; freed edge of dorsal concave or straight; anal fin with 5½ branched rays; and peritoneum black (Ref. 59043).
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
FishBase
Recorder
Armi G. Torres
original
visit source
partner site
Fishbase

Diseases and Parasites

provided by Fishbase
Black Spot Disease 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
FishBase
Recorder
Allan Palacio
original
visit source
partner site
Fishbase

Diseases and Parasites

provided by Fishbase
Thelohanellus Infection 4. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
FishBase
Recorder
Allan Palacio
original
visit source
partner site
Fishbase

Life Cycle

provided by Fishbase
Females spawn with several other species, for example Cyprinus carpio and Carassius carassius, but the eggs just develop without being actually fertilized resulting in a female only population (Ref. 2059). In Europe, populations considered as triploid and only females. But in some populations, it should be possible to find up to 25% of males which should be diploid (Ref. 40476). "There are also all-female populations in which all individuals are triploids. Triploids are sperm parasites of other cyprinid species such as Cyprinus carpio, Rutilus rutilus and Abramis brama. Older individuals spawn earlier in season than younger ones. Males move to spawning sites before females. Males follow ripe females, often with much splashing. Sticky eggs are attached to water plants or submerged objects" (Ref. 59043).
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
FishBase
Recorder
Tom Froese
original
visit source
partner site
Fishbase

Migration

provided by Fishbase
Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
FishBase
Recorder
Rainer Froese
original
visit source
partner site
Fishbase

Biology

provided by Fishbase
Inhabits a wide variety of still water bodies and lowland rivers, usually associated with submerged vegetation or regular flooding. Can strongly tolerate low oxygen concentrations and pollution (Ref. 59043). Lake dwelling individuals move into river mouths to avoid low oxygen water in winter (Ref. 39176). Feeding larvae and juveniles occur in high-complexity habitats as reed belts. Feeds on plankton, benthic invertebrates, plant material and detritus. Spawns in shallow, warm shores on submerged vegetation (Ref. 59043). Able to reproduce from unfertilized eggs (gynogenesis) (Ref. 41851). Life span reaches up to about 10 years (Ref. 59043). Eastern European or wild form of the goldfish (Ref. 1739).
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
FishBase
Recorder
Rainer Froese
original
visit source
partner site
Fishbase

Importance

provided by Fishbase
fisheries: minor commercial
license
cc-by-nc
copyright
FishBase
Recorder
Rainer Froese
original
visit source
partner site
Fishbase

Prussian carp

provided by wikipedia EN

The Prussian carp, silver Prussian carp or Gibel carp (Carassius gibelio), is a member of the family Cyprinidae, which includes many other fish, such as the common carp, goldfish, and the smaller minnows. It is a medium-sized cyprinid, and does not exceed a weight of 3 kilograms (6.6 lb) and a length of 45 centimetres (18 in). They are usually silver, although other color variations exist. They are omnivorous and feed on plankton, invertebrates, plant material and detritus. Originally from Siberia or central Europe,[1] they have been introduced to and are now inhabiting lakes, ponds, and slow-moving rivers throughout Europe, North America, and Asia.[2][3][4][5]

Prussian carps are highly invasive fish species in areas outside its native range. They reproduce and spread rapidly. In 2020, scientists demonstrated that a small proportion of fertilized Prussian carp eggs ingested by waterfowl survive passing through the digestive tract and hatch after being retrieved from the feces.[6][7] Birds exhibit strong preference for fish eggs, while cyprinids produce hundreds of thousands of eggs at a single spawning event. These data indicate that despite the low proportion of eggs surviving the digestive tract of birds, endozoochory might provide a potentially overlooked dispersal mechanism of Prussian carps. If proven under natural circumstances, endozoochorous dispersal of invasive fish could be a strong conservation concern for freshwater biodiversity.

Prussian carp are capable of gynogenesis, meaning sperm is required to fertilize their eggs, but the male gamete does not contribute any DNA to the embryo. Females lay eggs and then "steal" sperm from related species.[8] In other words, they are able to reproduce from unfertilized egg.[9]

Description

An orange colored wild-caught Prussian carp with goldfish-like coloration.
Carassius gibelio illustration

The Prussian carp is a deep-bodied, robust fish which resembles the crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and grows to about 10 to 35 cm (4 to 14 in) in length. Its scales are larger than those of the crucian carp, and it typically has 27 to 32 scales along the lateral line, whereas the crucian carp usually has between 31 and 35. The species is silvery, sometimes with a faint golden tinge, while the crucian carp has a burnished gold appearance. The Prussian carp's tail is more deeply forked than that of the crucian carp.[10]

Video of prussian carp in Kõrvemaa, Estonia (October 2022)

References

  1. ^ "Carassius gibelio, Prussian carp : fisheries". www.fishbase.se. Retrieved 3 February 2023.
  2. ^ "Carassius gibelio, Prussian carp : fisheries". www.fishbase.in.
  3. ^ "Data Use Agreement - GBIF Portal". Data.gbif.org. 2007-02-22. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
  4. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-08-12. Retrieved 2009-04-28.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. ^ Brykov, Vl. A.; Polyakova, N. E.; Skurikhina, L. A.; Dolganov, S. M.; Eliseikina, M. G.; Kovalev, M. Yu. (2002). "Journal Article". Russian Journal of Genetics. SpringerLink. 38 (10): 1176–1180. doi:10.1023/A:1020604905154. S2CID 11234180.
  6. ^ "Experiment shows it is possible for fish to migrate via ingestion by birds". phys.org. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  7. ^ Lovas-Kiss, Ádám; Vincze, Orsolya; Löki, Viktor; Pallér-Kapusi, Felícia; Halasi-Kovács, Béla; Kovács, Gyula; Green, Andy J.; Lukács, Balázs András (18 June 2020). "Experimental evidence of dispersal of invasive cyprinid eggs inside migratory waterfowl". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117 (27): 15397–15399. doi:10.1073/pnas.2004805117. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 7355035. PMID 32571940.
  8. ^ "Attack of the clones: Sperm-stealing Prussian carp threaten to overwhelm Alberta waterways". CBC. 31 May 2018. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
  9. ^ İlhan, Ali; Sari, Hasan; Kurtul, Irmak; Akçali, Miraç (25 April 2020). "Meriç Nehri Balık Faunasının Güncel Durumu ve Yabancı Türlerin Yerli Türler Üzerindeki Olası Etkilerinin Değerlendirilmesi". Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research. 6 (1): 75–87. doi:10.17216/limnofish.504512.
  10. ^ "Prussian carp: Carassius gibelio". NatureGate. Retrieved 14 December 2013.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Prussian carp: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

The Prussian carp, silver Prussian carp or Gibel carp (Carassius gibelio), is a member of the family Cyprinidae, which includes many other fish, such as the common carp, goldfish, and the smaller minnows. It is a medium-sized cyprinid, and does not exceed a weight of 3 kilograms (6.6 lb) and a length of 45 centimetres (18 in). They are usually silver, although other color variations exist. They are omnivorous and feed on plankton, invertebrates, plant material and detritus. Originally from Siberia or central Europe, they have been introduced to and are now inhabiting lakes, ponds, and slow-moving rivers throughout Europe, North America, and Asia.

Prussian carps are highly invasive fish species in areas outside its native range. They reproduce and spread rapidly. In 2020, scientists demonstrated that a small proportion of fertilized Prussian carp eggs ingested by waterfowl survive passing through the digestive tract and hatch after being retrieved from the feces. Birds exhibit strong preference for fish eggs, while cyprinids produce hundreds of thousands of eggs at a single spawning event. These data indicate that despite the low proportion of eggs surviving the digestive tract of birds, endozoochory might provide a potentially overlooked dispersal mechanism of Prussian carps. If proven under natural circumstances, endozoochorous dispersal of invasive fish could be a strong conservation concern for freshwater biodiversity.

Prussian carp are capable of gynogenesis, meaning sperm is required to fertilize their eggs, but the male gamete does not contribute any DNA to the embryo. Females lay eggs and then "steal" sperm from related species. In other words, they are able to reproduce from unfertilized egg.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN