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This week’s podcast begins with a riddle about a life form that’s all around us, yet rarely seen. Working under cover, it sends its ghostly tendrils into almost every corner of the terrestrial world. We associate it with death and decay, but life as we know it would be impossible without it. Come for a walk in the woods with Ari Daniel Shapiro and learn how this mysterious form of life, neither animal nor vegetable, shapes our world.
Download a transcript of this podcast read moreDuration: 5:29Published: Wed, 02 May 2012 14:22:48 +0000
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Sebberkloster Hede, Nibe Jylland, Danmark
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Mushroom Observer Image 123687: Hypholoma marginatum (Pers.) J. Schröt.
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Mushroom Observer Image 113991: Hypholoma lateritium (Schaeffer) P. Kummer
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Mushroom Observer Image 105763: Hypholoma fasciculare (Huds.) P. Kumm.
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Mushroom Observer Image 270947: Hypholoma elongatum (Pers.) Ricken
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Mushroom Observer Image 620385: Hypholoma brunneum (Massee) D.A. Reid
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Mushroom Observer Image 112856: Hypholoma capnoides (Fr.) P. Kumm.
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Hypholoma fasciculare var. pusillum, syn.: Hypholoma fasciculare var. subviride (Berkeley & Curtis) (?), Naematoloma fascicularis, Psilocybe fascicularisEN: Sulfur Tuft, DE: Zwerg-SchwefelkopfSlo.: navadna veplenjaa, drobceni razliekDat.: April 21. 2013Lat.: 46.335733 Long.: 13.56733Code: Bot_705/2013_IMG3010 Habitat: Light, mixed, predominantly hardwood woodland, moderately south-west oriented hill side, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh), partly protected from direct rain by the log and tree canopies, mostly in shade, average precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 490 m (1.600 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: a large log of (most probably) a deciduous tree laying on ground, in the last stage of disintegration.Place: Bovec basin, on southwest slope of the hill Rabeljnik, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Growing solitary and in groups of many species, pileus diameter 1.5-3(4.5) cm, stipe 2-3.5(5) cm long and curved, 4-8 mm in diameter; taste very bitter, long lasting, not burning; smell indistinctive mushroomy; flesh brittle, fibrous; SP dark brown with purple-violet tint (oac526). Smaller fruitbodies, spring time growth and solitary appearance (in addition to clustered growth) should distinguish this subspecies from standard form of H. fasciculare. H. fasciculare is common where I live, however it is most frequent in fall and about twice as large. I've never seen so small fruitbodies so early in the season yet. Spores smooth, dark, brown with violet tint, with pores. Dimensions: 6.5 (SD = 0.4) x 4.3 (SD = 0.3) , Q = 1.5 (SD = 0.07), n = 30. Olympus CH20 (Motic B2-211A), NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 4, Ulmer (2003), p 356. (2 ) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Rot. Determination confirmed by Mr. Anton Poler.(3) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 231.(4)
www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/Sydowia_36_0176-0182.pdf francosk(5) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 383. (6) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 252.
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Hypholoma lateritium (Schff.: Fr.) Kummer, syn. Hypholoma sublateritium (Fr.) Quelet, Psilocybe lateritia (Schff.: Fr.) Noord.Brick Tuft, DE: Ziegelroter SchwefelkopfSlo.: rjavordea veplenjaa, openatordea veplenjaaDat.: Oct. 19. 2015Lat.: 46.33154 Long.: 13.68735Code: Bot_921/2015_DSC9456Picture file names: from Hypholoma-lateritium_raw_20 to Hypholoma-lateritium_raw_28.Habitat: overgrown former pasture, now thickets of low trees and bushes, Picea abies, Acer sp., Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica dominant; moderately inclined mountain slope, northeast aspect; calcareous ground, close to a small water stream; in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies, average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 6-8 deg C, elevation 640 m (2.100 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: apparently on ground, actually on buried rotten wood or roots of an unknown kind. Pilei shown on picture 25 growing probably on Picea abies.Place: Lepena valley, southwest of the road leading to Na skali settlement, next to the trail to r place, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: This very common but also very beautiful mushrooms were growing in five groups from a few to many fruit bodies; pileus diameter up to 6 cm, stem up to 10 cm long and 7-8 mm in diameter; taste unpleasant, somewhat biter; smell indistinctive, mushroomy or on dust or soil, SP surprisingly abundant, purple-brown with a violet tint, oac525.Spores smooth. Dimensions: 6,2 [6,7 ; 6,9] 7,3 x 3,9 [4,2 ; 4,3] 4,5 microns; Q = 1,5 [1,6] 1,8; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 6,8 x 4,2 microns; Qe = 1,6. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.4. Verlag Mykologia (2000), p 328. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 4., Ulmer (2003), p 358. (3) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 605. (4) A. Poler, ed., Seznam gliv Slovenije, 2nd Ed., Assoc. of Mycol. Soc. of Slovenia (in Slovenian) (1998), p 224. (5) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 232.
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Cradley, Malvern, Worcs. SO7347
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rahkalahokkaSuonenjoki, Finland2011-08-13
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2001 California Academy of Sciences
CalPhotos
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Hørby Plantage, Hobro, Danmark
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Mushroom Observer Image 126038: Hypholoma marginatum (Pers.) J. Schröt.
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Mushroom Observer Image 113992: Hypholoma lateritium (Schaeffer) P. Kummer
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Mushroom Observer Image 110645: Hypholoma fasciculare (Huds.) P. Kumm.
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Mushroom Observer Image 160554: Hypholoma radicosum J.E. Lange
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Mushroom Observer Image 112857: Hypholoma capnoides (Fr.) P. Kumm.
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Hypholoma fasciculare var. pusillum, syn.: Hypholoma fasciculare var. subviride (Berkeley & Curtis) (?), Naematoloma fascicularis, Psilocybe fascicularisEN: Sulfur Tuft, DE: Zwerg-SchwefelkopfSlo.: navadna veplenjaa, drobceni razliekDat.: April 21. 2013Lat.: 46.335733 Long.: 13.56733Code: Bot_705/2013_IMG3010 Habitat: Light, mixed, predominantly hardwood woodland, moderately south-west oriented hill side, cretaceous clastic rock (flysh), partly protected from direct rain by the log and tree canopies, mostly in shade, average precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 490 m (1.600 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: a large log of (most probably) a deciduous tree laying on ground, in the last stage of disintegration.Place: Bovec basin, on southwest slope of the hill Rabeljnik, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC Comments: Growing solitary and in groups of many species, pileus diameter 1.5-3(4.5) cm, stipe 2-3.5(5) cm long and curved, 4-8 mm in diameter; taste very bitter, long lasting, not burning; smell indistinctive mushroomy; flesh brittle, fibrous; SP dark brown with purple-violet tint (oac526). Smaller fruitbodies, spring time growth and solitary appearance (in addition to clustered growth) should distinguish this subspecies from standard form of H. fasciculare. H. fasciculare is common where I live, however it is most frequent in fall and about twice as large. I've never seen so small fruitbodies so early in the season yet. Spores smooth, dark, brown with violet tint, with pores. Dimensions: 6.5 (SD = 0.4) x 4.3 (SD = 0.3) , Q = 1.5 (SD = 0.07), n = 30. Olympus CH20 (Motic B2-211A), NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJFRef.:(1) G.J.Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Bade-Wrttembergs, Band 4, Ulmer (2003), p 356. (2 ) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Rot. Determination confirmed by Mr. Anton Poler.(3) R.Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 231.(4)
www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/Sydowia_36_0176-0182.pdf francosk(5) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 383. (6) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 252.
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Hypholoma lateritium (Schff.: Fr.) Kummer, syn. Hypholoma sublateritium (Fr.) Quelet, Psilocybe lateritia (Schff.: Fr.) Noord.Brick Tuft, Brick Cap, DE: Ziegelroter SchwefelkopfSlo.: rjavordea veplenjaa, openatordea veplenjaaDat.: Dec. 3. 2018Lat.: 46,337838 Long.: 13,542293Code: Bot_1168/2018_DSC4547Habitat: grassland; almost flat terrain; cretaceous clastic rock (flysh) ground, dry sunny place; under the canopy of Fagus sylvatica; partly protected from direct rain by the canopy; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 8-10 deg C, elevation 480 m (1.570 feet), alpine phytogeographical region.Substratum: small rotten (in its final stage of disintegration) stump of probably Fagus sylvatica or Ostrya carpinifolia.Place: Bovec basin; Uje place west of the town, East Julian Alps, Posoje, Slovenia EC. Comments: These mushrooms always attract me by their beauty. They are common here around. Usually they grow in large groups, but this time only three quite young fruit bodies were displayed. Gils were still bright, later, in my refrigerator, they turned much darker brown with slight violet tint.Pileus diameter of the largest fruit body was 5.8 cm and its thickness 16 mm; stipe 10 cm long and up to 14 mm in diameter; smell indistinctive, taste unpleasant, somewhat biter; SP gray-brown with a violet tint, oac525.Spores smooth. Dimensions: (6,4) 6,7 - 7,3 (8,1) (3,6) 3,8 - 4,3 (4,6) m; Q = (1,6) 1,64 - 1,8 (1,9); N = 35; Me = 7 4,1 m; Qe = 1,7. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera.Herbarium: Index Herbariorum LJF @ Mycotheca and lichen herbarium of Slovenian Forestry Institute. Ref.:(1) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol. 4. Verlag Mykologia (2000), p 328. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 4., Ulmer (2003), p 358. (3) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 605. (4) A. Poler, ed., Seznam gliv Slovenije, 2nd Ed., Assoc. of Mycol. Soc. of Slovenia (in Slovenian) (1998), p 224. (5) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 232.