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Coast Silk Tassel

Garrya elliptica Douglas ex Lindl.

Associations

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In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Plant / epiphyte
fruitbody of Antrodia albida grows on small, decorticated, fallen branch of Garrya elliptica

Foodplant / pathogen
Armillaria mellea s.l. infects and damages Garrya elliptica

Foodplant / feeds on
pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph of Ascochyta garryae feeds on Garrya elliptica

Foodplant / saprobe
gregarious, covered then erumpent stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph of Cytospora foliicola is saprobic on dead leaf of Garrya elliptica

Foodplant / saprobe
crowded pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph of Phomopsis garryae is saprobic on dead twig of Garrya elliptica
Remarks: season: 6-8

Foodplant / spot causer
epiphyllous pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph of Phyllosticta garryae causes spots on live leaf of Garrya elliptica
Remarks: season: 10

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Garrya elliptica

provided by wikipedia EN

Garrya elliptica, the coast silk-tassel, silk tassel bush or wavyleaf silktassel, is a species of flowering plant in the family Garryaceae, native to the coastal ranges of California and southern Oregon. It is an erect, bushy, evergreen shrub reaching a height of 2–5 m (7–16 ft).[1]

Description

Growth habit

It has a multi-furcate branching structure yielding an almost spherical form. The height averages 3 m (9.8 ft) in the wild. Like others of its genus, G. elliptica has opposite leaves with a tough leathery feel, glossy green on top, but paler and duller on the underside.

Flowers

The dioecious flowers are concentrated in inflorescences which cascade downward as aments of 4–6 cm (1.6–2.4 in) in length.[2] While it manifests separate male and female plants, the pendant male catkins are much more showy and are grey-green and up to 30 cm (12 in) long; the female ones are shorter and silver-grey. Although the flowers bloom in late winter and early spring, dried bracts remain on the plant well into summer as light gray decorations. The plant has smooth bark, dark-greenish when young, but roughening with age. New twigs are green and moderately stout.

For pistillate flowers, above each small bract there is a solitary flower inside the inflorescence. This plant produces tiny dark seeds. The ripened purplish black fruit of about 1 cm in diameter has a hard desiccated coating, but is rather fleshy on the interior. There are a total of four stamens per flower; moreover, above each bract pair there is a triplet of flowers. The cultivar 'James Roof' has catkins up to 30 cm (12 in) in length.

Leaves

Wavy leaf margins

The unique characteristics of Garrya elliptica are its waxy convex leaves with wavy leaf margins, coupled with dense individual hairs on the leaf undersides that are scarcely distinguishable with a hand lens. Its leaf blades are 6–8 cm (2.4–3.1 in) in length, and the petioles range in length from 6–12 mm. For identification purposes Congdon silk-tassel (Garrya congdonii) is most closely related. Congdon silk-tassel has the same leaf appearance, but leaf hairs are distinguishable with a hand lens, and both leaf blades and petioles are about two thirds the size of Coast silk-tassel. Both Fremont silk-tassel (Garrya fremontii) and ashy silk-tassel (Garrya flavescens) have similar fruit characteristics, but have a flat leaf margin.

Distribution and habitat

Garrya elliptica is found in several plant communities, principally in drier coastal California and southern Oregon no more than 20 miles from the Pacific Ocean; the main associations are coastal sage and chaparral ecoregion, Northern coastal scrub, Mixed evergreen coastal forest and Northern coastal sage scrub.[3] This plant can tolerate moderately heavy clay soils and serpentine areas, but likes soils pH to lie in the range of six to eight.

It is not grazed to a great degree by deer or rabbits, and is hardy to cold temperatures of about 15 °F (−9 °C). It is moderately drought tolerant, but is more luxuriant with rainfall of about 25 in (64 cm) per annum. The species is usually found at elevations above 200 m (660 ft), within the mountains of the Pacific Coast range, such as Montara Mountain, San Bruno Mountain and Napa County.

Cultivation

Garrya elliptica is appealing as an ornamental plant with a neat growing habit, and is widely used for landscape purposes.[4] It is a low-maintenance plant that thrives in a range of locations, but is typically seen growing against a wall, or as a windbreak in coastal areas.[1] The cultivar 'James Roof' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.[5][6]

Etymology

Garrya is named for Nicholas Garry, who was secretary of the Hudson's Bay Company [circa 1820-35]. Elliptica is derived from Greek and means 'about twice as long as broad', 'oblong with rounded ends', or 'elliptic'; this is in reference to the shape of the leaves.[7]

References

  1. ^ a b RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.
  2. ^ Eugene N. Kozloff and Linda H. Reidelman, Plants of the San Francisco Bay Region, Mendocino to Monterey, Sagen Press, Pacific Grove, Ca., Nov. 1994
  3. ^ Roxana S. Ferris, Native shrubs of the San Francisco Bay region, University of California Press, (1968) ISBN 0-520-00405-1
  4. ^ Alfred Pink Gardening for the Million. (2004) publisher: Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
  5. ^ "RHS Plantfinder - Garrya elliptica 'James Root'". Retrieved 16 February 2018.
  6. ^ "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 39. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
  7. ^ Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants". Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521866453 (hardback), ISBN 9780521685535 (paperback). pp 152, 175

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Garrya elliptica: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Garrya elliptica, the coast silk-tassel, silk tassel bush or wavyleaf silktassel, is a species of flowering plant in the family Garryaceae, native to the coastal ranges of California and southern Oregon. It is an erect, bushy, evergreen shrub reaching a height of 2–5 m (7–16 ft).

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Garrya elliptica ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Garrya elliptica es una especie de planta fanerógama de la familia Garryaceae. Es nativa de las sierras costeras de California y el sur de Oregón. Es un arbusto erecto, espeso, de hoja perenne que alcanza una altura de 5.2 m.[1]

 src=
Ilustración de S. A. Drake (fl. 1820s-1840s), del volumen 20 del Botanical Register (1834-1835), editado por John Lindley.
 src=
Detalle de los amentos

Descripción

Tiene una estructura de múltiple ramificación dándole una forma casi esférica. La promedios de altura de 3 m en la naturaleza. Como otros de su género, G. elliptica tiene hojas opuestas con una sensación dura coriácea, de color verde brillante en la parte superior, pero más pálida y más opaca en la parte inferior. Las flores son dioicas y se concentran en inflorescencias que caen en cascada hacia abajo como amentos de 4-6 cm de longitud.[2]​ Si bien se manifiestan separadas para plantas femeninas y masculinas, los amentos colgantes masculinos son mucho más vistosoa y son de color gris- verde y de hasta 30 cm de largo; los femeninos son más cortos y de color gris plateado. Aunque las flores florecen a finales del invierno y principios de primavera, las brácteas secas permanecen en la planta hasta bien entrado el verano como decoraciones de color gris claro. La planta cuenta con una suave corteza, verdosa oscuro cuando joven, pero rugosa con la edad. Las nuevas ramitas son de color verde y moderadamente robustas. Esta planta produce pequeñas y oscuras semillas. La fruta de color negro violáceo cuando está madura, mide alrededor de 1 cm de diámetro y tiene un revestimiento desecado duro, pero es más bien carnosa en el interior.

Distribución y hábitat

G. elliptica se encuentra en varias comunidades de plantas, principalmente en la California costera más seca y el sur de Oregon a no más de 30 km del Océano Pacífico ; las principales asociaciones son ecorregión de la salvia costera y el chaparral, matorral costero norte, de hoja perenne mezclados con el bosque ribereño y el matorral costero del norte.[3]​ Esta planta puede tolerar moderadamente los suelos pesados arcillosos y áreas de serpentina, pero le gusta suelos de un pH comprendido entre seis a ocho.

La planta no es utilizada en gran medida por los ciervos y conejos, y es resistente a las bajas temperaturas de unos 15 grados Fahrenheit. Es moderadamente tolerante a la sequía, pero es más exuberante, con precipitaciones de alrededor de 25 pulgadas por año. Se encuentra generalmente en altitudes superiores a 200 metros. Generalmente esta especie se encuentra dentro de las montañas de la costa del Pacífico, como las montañas Montara, Montaña San Bruno y la cordillera de la costa en el condado de Napa.

Taxonomía

Garrya elliptica fue descrita por Douglas ex Lindl. y publicado en Edwards's Botanical Register 20: pl. 1686. 1834.[4]

Etimología

Garrya: nombre genérico otorgado en honor de Nicholas Garry (1782-1856) de la Compañía de la Bahía de Hudson, que fue asistente de David Douglas en sus exploraciones de la Pacific Northwest.[5]

elliptica: epíteto latíno que significa "elíptica".[6]

Sinonimia
  • Garrya lindleyana A.Murray[7]

Referencias

  1. RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 1405332964.
  2. Eugene N. Kozloff and Linda H. Reidelman, Plants of the San Francisco Bay Region, Mendocino to Monterey, Sagen Press, Pacific Grove, Ca., Nov. 1994
  3. Roxana S. Ferris, Native shrubs of the San Francisco Bay region, University of California Press, (1968) ISBN 0-520-00405-1
  4. «Garrya elliptica». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Consultado el 10 de junio de 2015.
  5. «En Páginas Botánicas».
  6. «En Epítetos Botánicos».
  7. «Garrya elliptica en PlantList».
 title=
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Garrya elliptica: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Garrya elliptica es una especie de planta fanerógama de la familia Garryaceae. Es nativa de las sierras costeras de California y el sur de Oregón. Es un arbusto erecto, espeso, de hoja perenne que alcanza una altura de 5.2 m.​

 src= Ilustración de S. A. Drake (fl. 1820s-1840s), del volumen 20 del Botanical Register (1834-1835), editado por John Lindley.  src= Detalle de los amentos
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Garrya elliptica ( French )

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Garrya elliptica: Brief Summary ( French )

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Garrya elliptica est une plante de la famille des Garryacées originaire de Californie et de l'Oregon.

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